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Research Article

Stably doped graphene transparent electrode with improved light-extraction for efficient flexible organic light-emitting diodes

Lai-Peng Ma1,2,§, Zhongbin Wu3,§, Yukun Yan1,2,§, Dingdong Zhang1,2, Shichao Dong1,2, Jinhong Du1,2, Dongge Ma4, Hui-Ming Cheng1,2,5, Wencai Ren1,2( )
Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, China
Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China

§ Lai-Peng Ma, Zhongbin Wu, and Yukun Yan contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

An aperiodic nanostructured dopant aci-nitromethane-tris(pentafluorophenyl) borane (ANBCF) was deposited on graphene flexible transparent electrode to simultaneously improve its light-extraction and hole injection. The use of ANBCF-doped graphene anode enables high-performance flexible green organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with external quantum efficiency and power efficiency out-performing most flexible graphene OLEDs of comparable structure.

Abstract

Graphene-based flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs) are promising candidate materials for developing next-generation flexible organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the quest for high-efficiency OLEDs is hindered by the low light-extraction and charge injection efficiencies of graphene electrode. Here, we combine the frustrated Lewis pair doping with nanostructure engineering to obtain high-performance graphene FTE. A p-type dopant aci-nitromethane-tris(pentafluorophenyl) borane (ANBCF) was synthesized and deposited on graphene FTE to form an aperiodic nanostructure, which not only improves the light-extraction but also stably p-dopes graphene to enhance its hole injection. The use of ANBCF-doped graphene as the anode enables high-efficiency flexible green OLEDs with external quantum efficiency (EQE) and power efficiency (PE) out-performing most flexible graphene OLEDs of comparable structure. This study provides a simple and effective pathway to fabricate high-performance graphene FTEs for efficient flexible OLEDs.

Keywords

graphenetransparent electrodeflexible organic light-emitting diode (OLED)dopinglight-extraction

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 11,
November 2023
Pages 12788-12793
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-6176-y
Cite this article:
Ma L-P, Wu Z, Yan Y, et al. Stably doped graphene transparent electrode with improved light-extraction for efficient flexible organic light-emitting diodes. Nano Research, 2023, 16(11): 12788-12793. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6176-y
Topics:
GrapheneGraphene devices

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Received: 29 June 2023
Revised: 07 September 2023
Accepted: 10 September 2023
Published: 30 September 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023
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