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Review Article

Advances in magnetic nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

Huan Zhang1,2, Xiao Li Liu3,4,5, Hai Ming Fan1,3( )
Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
Department of Radiology, Zhuhai People’s Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai 519000, China
Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi Province, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
Institute of Regenerative and Reconstructive Medicine, Med-X Institute, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
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Graphical Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles have significantly enhanced the sensitivity, specificity, and versatility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), improving efficacy in blood pool imaging, targeted imaging, stimulus-responsive imaging, ultra-high field imaging, and cell tracking.

Abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revolutionized medical imaging diagnostics with the advantages of non-invasive nature, absence of ionizing radiation, unrestricted penetration depth, high-resolution imaging of soft tissues, organs and blood vessels, and multi-parameter and multi-sequence imaging. Contrast agents (CAs) are crucial for enhancing image quality, detecting molecular-level changes, and providing comprehensive diagnostic information in contrast enhanced MRI. However, the performance of clinical Gd-based CAs represents a limitation to the improvement of MRI sensitivity, specificity, and versatility, thereby impeding the achievement of satisfactory imaging outcomes. In recent years, the development of magnetic nanoparticle-based CAs has emerged as a promising avenue to enhance the capabilities of MRI. Here, we review the advances in magnetic nanoparticle-based MRI CAs, including blood pool CAs, biochemically-targeted CAs, stimulus-responsive CAs, and ultra-high field MRI CAs, as well as the use of CAs for cell labeling and tracking. Additionally, we offer insights into the future prospects and challenges associated with the integration of these nanoparticles into clinical practice.

Keywords

magnetic resonance imagingmagnetic nanoparticleblood pool contrast agentsbiochemically-targeted contrast agentsstimulus-responsive contrast agents

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Nano Research
Volume 16 Issue 11,
November 2023
Pages 12531-12542
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-6214-9
Cite this article:
Zhang H, Liu XL, Fan HM. Advances in magnetic nanoparticle-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Nano Research, 2023, 16(11): 12531-12542. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6214-9
Topics:
Magnetic resonance imaging

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Received: 31 July 2023
Revised: 11 September 2023
Accepted: 18 September 2023
Published: 04 November 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023
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