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Research Article

A multi-terminal ion-controlled transistor with multifunctionality and wide temporal dynamics for reservoir computing

Kekang Liu1, Jie Li2, Fangzhou Li1, Yiyuan Lin3, Hongrui Liu1, Linzi Liang1, Zhiyuan Luo1, Wei Liu3, Mengye Wang1( ), Feichi Zhou2( ), Yanghui Liu1( )
School of Materials, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
School of Software, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
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Graphical Abstract

We propose a reconfigurable multi-terminal electrolyte-gated transistor (MTEGT) and utilize it to construct a parallel reservoir computing system. The MTEGT-based reservoir computing (RC) system performs well in tasks such as handwritten digit recognition and predicting a second-order nonlinear dynamic equation, demonstrating the advantages of multi-terminal transistors in constructing compact and low hardware-cost physical reservoirs with multiple timescales.

Abstract

Reservoir computing (RC) is an energy-efficient computational framework with low training cost and high efficiency in processing spatiotemporal information. The state-of-the-art fully memristor-based hardware RC system suffers from bottlenecks in the computation efficiencies and accuracy due to the limited temporal tunability in the volatile memristor for the reservoir layer and the nonlinearity in the nonvolatile memristor for the readout layer. Additionally, integrating different types of memristors brings fabrication and integration complexities. To overcome the challenges, a multifunctional multi-terminal electrolyte-gated transistor (MTEGT) that combines both electrostatic and electrochemical doping mechanisms is proposed in this work, integrating both widely tunable volatile dynamics with high temporal tunable range of 102 and nonvolatile memory properties with high long-term potentiation/long-term depression (LTP/LTD) linearity into a single device. An ion-controlled physical RC system fully implemented with only one type of MTEGT is constructed for image recognition using the volatile dynamics for the reservoir and nonvolatility for the readout layer. Moreover, an ultralow normalized mean square error of 0.002 is achieved in a time series prediction task. It is believed that the MTEGT would underlie next-generation neuromorphic computing systems with low hardware costs and high computational performance.

Keywords

reservoir computingmulti-terminal electrolyte-gated transistorionic controllingrich dynamicsnonlinear dynamical prediction

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 5,
May 2024
Pages 4444-4453
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-023-6343-1
Cite this article:
Liu K, Li J, Li F, et al. A multi-terminal ion-controlled transistor with multifunctionality and wide temporal dynamics for reservoir computing. Nano Research, 2024, 17(5): 4444-4453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-023-6343-1
Topics:
Thin film transistors

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Received: 26 September 2023
Revised: 29 October 2023
Accepted: 17 November 2023
Published: 28 December 2023
© Tsinghua University Press 2023
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