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Research Article

Programmable and reconfigurable humidity-driven actuators made with MXene (Ti3C2Tx)-cellulose nanofiber composites for biomimetic applications

Shaofeng Zeng1, Yuanji Ye2, Peidi Zhou3, Shimin Yi1, Qiaohang Guo2, Huamin Chen4( ), Guozhen Shen5( ), Mingcen Weng2( )
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China
Institute of Smart Marine and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118, China
Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Graphical Abstract

MXene-cellulose nanofiber composite film with a brick-and-mortar hierarchical structure demonstrates impressive mechanical properties and water-assisted shaping/welding ability. The humidity actuators based on it showcase a rapid response rate, programmable/reconfigurable motions, and bionic applications.

Abstract

Smart actuators have a wide range of applications in bionics and energy conversion. The ability to reconfigure shape is essential for soft actuators to achieve various shapes and deformations, which is a crucial feature for next-generation actuators. Nonetheless, it is still an enormous challenge to establish a straightforward approach to creating programmable and reconfigurable actuators. MXene-cellulose nanofiber composite film (MCCF) with a brick-and-mortar hierarchical structure was produced through a vacuum filtration process. MCCF demonstrates impressive mechanical properties such as a tensile stress of 68 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 4.65 GPa. Besides, the MCCF highlights its potential for water-assisted shaping/welding due to the abundance of hydrogen bonds between MXene and cellulose nanofibers. MCCF also showcases capabilities as a humidity-driven actuator with a rapid response rate of 550 °·s−1. Using the methods of water-assisted shaping/welding, several bionic actuators (such as flower, butterfly, and muscle) based on MCCF were designed, highlighting their versatility in applications of smart actuators. The research showcases the impressive capabilities of MXene-based actuators and offers beneficial insights for the advancement of future intelligent materials.

Keywords

MXenecellulose nanofibersprogrammable actuatorshumidity-driven

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 7,
July 2024
Pages 6619-6629
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6542-4
Cite this article:
Zeng S, Ye Y, Zhou P, et al. Programmable and reconfigurable humidity-driven actuators made with MXene (Ti3C2Tx)-cellulose nanofiber composites for biomimetic applications. Nano Research, 2024, 17(7): 6619-6629. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6542-4
Topics:
Films Nanocomposites

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Received: 19 December 2023
Revised: 25 January 2024
Accepted: 02 February 2024
Published: 03 April 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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