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Research Article

Structure-regulated fluorine-containing additives to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells

Peiya Chen1,§, Xiaoman Bi1,§, Hao Yan1, Yingjie Zhao1, Yihao Liu1, Zhuo Huang1, Qian Xiao1, Yongpeng Yang1, Shasha Zhang1(), Yiqiang Zhang1(), Yanlin Song2 ()
Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, College of Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
Key Laboratory of Green Printing, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China

§ Peiya Chen and Xiaoman Bi contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

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By introducing the multifunctional passivator, 1H,1H,2H-perfluoro-1-hexene (PF3) with the optimal number of F groups, effective passivation, and crystallization control for high-quality perovskite film is achieved. Therefore, the performance of perovskite solar cells after modification is significantly improved, with the power conversion efficiency (PCE) increased from 21.8% to 24.05%, showing excellent thermal stability compared to the control group.

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have seen remarkable progress in recent years, largely attributed to various additives that enhance both efficiency and stability. Among these, fluorine-containing additives have garnered significant interest because of their unique hydrophobic properties, effective defect passivation, and regulation capability on the crystallization process. However, a targeted structural approach to design such additives is necessary to further enhance the performance of PSCs. Here, fluoroalkyl ethylene with different fluoroalkyl chain lengths (CH2CH(CF2)nCF3, n = 3, 5, and 7) as liquid additives is used to investigate influences of fluoroalkyl chain lengths on crystallization regulation and defect passivation. The findings indicate that optimizing the quantity of F groups plays a crucial role in regulating the electron cloud distribution within the additive molecules. This optimization fosters strong hydrogen bonds and coordination effects with FA+ and uncoordinated Pb2+, ultimately enhancing crystal quality and device performance. Notably, 1H,1H,2H-perfluoro-1-hexene (PF3) with the optimal number of F presents the most effective modulation effect. A PSC utilizing PF3 achieves an efficiency of 24.05%, and exhibits exceptional stability against humidity and thermal fluctuations. This work sheds light on the importance of tailored structure designs in additives for achieving high-performance PSCs.

Keywords

perovskite solar cellsfluorine numberadditive structurecrystallization regulationdefect passivation

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 7,
July 2024
Pages 6080-6086
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6554-0
Cite this article:
Chen P, Bi X, Yan H, et al. Structure-regulated fluorine-containing additives to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells. Nano Research, 2024, 17(7): 6080-6086. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6554-0
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