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Research Article

A bifunctional nitrile additive for high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries

Ziwei Li1,2, Yue Yu3, Dongyue Yang2,4, Jin Wang2, Junmin Yan1, Gang Huang2,4, Tong Liu2,4( ), Xinbo Zhang2,4( )
Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Graphical Abstract

The 2-methoxy benzonitrile (2-MBN) additive has bifunctional effects in boosting Li-O2 batteries. On the anode, it enhances uniform Li+ deposition and optimizes the inner composition of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). On the cathode, 2-MBN effectively regulates the formation of lithium peroxide (Li2O2), which significantly facilitates the discharge product decomposition during the charging process.

Abstract

Li-O2 batteries with high energy density hold significant promise as next-generation energy storage systems. However, Li-O2 batteries have poor cycling performance at high current densities and large capacities, primarily due to the high impedance caused by the instability of the lithium anode and the sluggish kinetics in the discharge products decomposition on the cathode. Herein, we investigated a bifunctional nitrile additive (2-methoxy benzonitrile (2-MBN)) with good chemical/electrochemical stability to improve the performances of Li-O2 batteries. The 2-MBN could actively modify the anode by ensuring uniform Li+ deposition and optimizing the composition of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Meanwhile, it could also facilitate the decomposition of discharge products by inducing the formation of sheet-like Li2O2, significantly reducing the battery charge overpotential. The bifunctional effects of 2-MBN for the anode and cathode enable Li-O2 batteries to achieve a stable lifetime of 97 cycles at a current density of 600 mA·g−1 with a fixed capacity of 2000 mAh·g−1, much better than that of Li-O2 batteries without 2-MBN (28 cycles). The inclusion of 2-MBN provides an effective approach for attaining high-performance Li-O2 batteries.

Keywords

nitrile additivesLi-O2 batterieslithium metal anodecharge overpotential

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 7,
July 2024
Pages 6119-6126
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6592-7
Cite this article:
Li Z, Yu Y, Yang D, et al. A bifunctional nitrile additive for high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries. Nano Research, 2024, 17(7): 6119-6126. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6592-7
Topics:
Air batteriesEnergy storageLithium batteriesSecondary batteries

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Received: 15 January 2024
Revised: 26 February 2024
Accepted: 26 February 2024
Published: 04 April 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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