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Review Article

Self-doping active sites in microbe-derived carbonaceous electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction performance

Xiaofeng Xiao1,2, Xiaochun Tian1, Junpeng Li1, Fan Yang1, Rui Bai1, Feng Zhao1( )
Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Graphical Abstract

Various self-doping sites in microbe-derived carbonaceous materials synergistically enhance their catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction, involving mono- or co-doping sites formed by oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and iron (Fe). By guiding the design of these doping sites in microbe-derived carbonaceous materials, it is possible to maximize their electrocatalytic activity and contribute to the development of more efficient and cost-effective carbonaceous electrocatalysts.

Abstract

Microorganisms are rich in heteroatoms, which can be self-doped to form active sites during pyrolysis and loaded on microbe-derived carbonaceous materials. In recent years, microbe-derived carbonaceous materials, characterized with abundant self-doping sites, have been continuously developed as cost-effective electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). To fully unlock the catalytic potential of microbe-derived carbonaceous materials, a comprehensive analysis of catalytic sites and mechanisms for ORR is essential. This paper provides a summary of the ORR catalytic performance of microbe-derived carbonaceous materials reported to date, with a specific focus on the self-doping sites introduced during their pyrolytic fabrication. It highlights the mono- or co-doping sites involving nonmetallic elements such as oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) atoms, as well as covers the doping of metallic iron (Fe) atoms with various coordination configurations in microbe-derived carbonaceous materials. Understanding the impact of these self-doping sites on ORR catalytic performance can guide the design of doping sites in microbe-derived carbonaceous materials. This approach has the potential to maximize electrocatalytic activity of microbe-derived carbonaceous materials and contributes to the development of more efficient and cost-effective carbonaceous electrocatalysts.

Keywords

electrocatalysissingle atom catalystheteroatoms self-dopedmicrobe-derived carbonaceous material

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 8,
August 2024
Pages 6803-6819
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6597-2
Cite this article:
Xiao X, Tian X, Li J, et al. Self-doping active sites in microbe-derived carbonaceous electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction performance. Nano Research, 2024, 17(8): 6803-6819. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6597-2
Topics:
Amorphous carbon Doping (additives)ElectrocatalystsOxygen evolution reaction

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Received: 14 December 2023
Revised: 07 February 2024
Accepted: 28 February 2024
Published: 28 May 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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