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Review Article

More than just aligning the teeth: Clear aligners with multi-functional prowess

Yang Chen1,§, Lei-Ming Cao1,§, Nian-Nian Zhong1, Zi-Zhan Li1, Lin-Lin Bu1,2( ), Fang-Yi Huo1,3( ), Hong He1,4( )
State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
Department of Zhuankou Clinical Branches, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China

§ Yang Chen and Lei-Ming Cao contributed equally to this work.

Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

Novel clear aligners (CAs), modified with drugs or selected biomaterials, are promising to provide additional medical functions to patients, such as whitening, anti-bacteria, remineralization, accelerating teeth movement, and personalized functions, which is superior to the traditional CAs with common complications.

Abstract

With the increasing demand for beauty and health, clear aligners (CAs) have been widely applied among patients with malocclusion. However, patients treated with CAs also face some potential complications, such as demineralization, dental caries, and periodontal diseases. In addition, some patients have additional needs to improve their quality of life, such as bleaching teeth. In order to prevent or solve these problems, the modification of CAs is a promising method because their extensive long-term contact with tooth surfaces makes them ideal devices for implementing adjuvant medical functions.

In this review, we discuss various advanced CAs with medical functions based on the clinical needs of patients. As far as we know, the additional functions of CAs mainly include antibacterial, remineralization, whitening, and accelerating tooth movement. These functions are achieved by two major pathways, the combination of CAs with drugs/biomaterials and increasing the capacity or affinity of drugs. In addition, we discuss the current limitations of in vitro experiments which are designed to explore the effectiveness and properties of novel CAs, and the challenges of bringing a multifunctional appliance from proposal to clinical application. At the end of this review, we provide insights into the broader prospects for the improvement of CAs.

Keywords

advanced clear alignersmedical device modificationdrug delivery systempersonalized medicine

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 8,
August 2024
Pages 7665-7674
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6631-4
Cite this article:
Chen Y, Cao L-M, Zhong N-N, et al. More than just aligning the teeth: Clear aligners with multi-functional prowess. Nano Research, 2024, 17(8): 7665-7674. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6631-4
Topics:
Coatings Polymer films

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Received: 02 February 2024
Revised: 08 March 2024
Accepted: 12 March 2024
Published: 18 June 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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