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Research Article

Artificial synthesis of polyesters at ambient condition via consecutive CO2 electrolysis and fermentation

Guiru Zhang1,2,§, Ning Ji1,§, Shiheng Lyu1,§, Baoxin Ni2, Peng Shen2, Ke Ye2, Yuting Wang1, Xuheng Jiang3, Hai Zhang2, Xi Liu3( ), Yongcheng Wang1( ), Kun Jiang2( )
Department of Laboratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
Interdisciplinary Research Center, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
In-situ Centre for Physical Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

§ Guiru Zhang, Ning Ji, and Shiheng Lyu contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

A tandem system of solid-state CO2 electrolyzer and Ralstonia eutropha fermenter has been demonstrated for the artificial synthesis of biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate plastic from CO2 building blocks at room temperature.

Abstract

Electrochemically converting CO2 into value-added chemicals is a promising approach to mitigate anthropogenic carbon emissions, yet largely limited to short-chained C1–C3 products. Herein, we demonstrate a tandem artificial synthesis of biodegradable polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) plastic from CO2 building blocks. Batch synthesis of defects-enriched Bi catalyst is firstly demonstrated by plasma bombardment and following in situ electrochemical reduction, which delivers a HCOOH Faradaic efficiency above 80% at tunable concentration from 2 to 250 mM, an energy efficiency up to 41%, and a single-pass carbon conversion efficiency up to 60%. Annular dark field and second electron microscopic analysis, density functional theory (DFT) calcualtions, coupled with H-type and solid-state electrolyzer assessments, point out the vital role of defective and/or stepped Bi surface sites in promoting CO2-to-HCOOH conversion. Thereafter, as-synthesized high-purity HCOOH is used as the sole carbon source for C-chain growth within microbial fermentation reactor with Ralstonia eutropha, where activated formate dehydrogenase and increased metabolites related to Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle are found to be responsible for the enhanced polyester accumulation.

Keywords

CO2 electrolysisBi catalystvacancy siteformic acidfermentation

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 7,
July 2024
Pages 6016-6025
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6658-6
Cite this article:
Zhang G, Ji N, Lyu S, et al. Artificial synthesis of polyesters at ambient condition via consecutive CO2 electrolysis and fermentation. Nano Research, 2024, 17(7): 6016-6025. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6658-6
Topics:
CatalyticNano biologyEnergy

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Received: 20 February 2024
Revised: 19 March 2024
Accepted: 24 March 2024
Published: 02 May 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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