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Research Article

Ultra-flexible all-in-one anti-freeze photothermally enhanced supercapacitors

Yongxin LuKeke LiYan-Yan Song( )Zhida Gao( )
Condense matter of physics, College of Science, Northeazistern University, Shenyang 110004, China
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Graphical Abstract

An all-in-one, flexible, anti-freeze hydrogel device was prepared. The ultra-flexible device satisfies various needs in different usage scenarios even at –30 °C. Under solar irradiation, electrochemical performance was boosted to 287.1% at –20 °C.

Abstract

Wearable electronics powered by flexible energy storage devices have captured global attention. Under low-temperature conditions, unfortunately, solidification of flexible hydrogel electrolyte and decreased pseudo-capacity of these devices largely hamper their practical use. In this study, photothermally-active Prussian blue (PB) was introduced onto poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/polyacrylamide (PEDOT/PAM) networks to address the challenges of electrolyte solidification and degraded pseudo-capacitance for flexible all-in-one device at low temperatures. The as-constructed PB/PEDOT/PAM hydrogel device delivers stable electrochemical performance and remarkable mechanical property with 1652% elongation. Importantly, this hydrogel device well retains its flexibility in cold environment with a freezing point below −30 °C. The incorporation of PB extends the voltage range to 1.5 V as a single device, thus significantly enhancing the electrochemical performance as an all-in-one integrated device. Benefitting from the outstanding photo-to-thermal conversion ability of embedded PB nanocubes, the temperature of the assembled all-in-one PB/PEDOT/PAM device increased from −20 to 17.7 °C after solar-light irradiation for only 5 min. Moreover, the degraded pseudo-capacitance was subsequently boosted to 287.1% of its original capacitance at −20 °C. This study establishes a connection between flexible all-solid-state hydrogel devices and photothermally enhanced pseudo-capacitors in freezing environments, thereby expanding the potential applications of multi-functional pseudo-capacitors.

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Nano Research
Pages 7221-7229
Cite this article:
Lu Y, Li K, Song Y-Y, et al. Ultra-flexible all-in-one anti-freeze photothermally enhanced supercapacitors. Nano Research, 2024, 17(8): 7221-7229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6743-x
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Received: 03 January 2024
Revised: 06 May 2024
Accepted: 07 May 2024
Published: 06 June 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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