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Research Article

An ultra-sensitive biosensor for circulating microRNA detection with Fe single-atom enhanced cathodic luminol-O2 electrochemiluminescence

Yudie Sun1,2,§, Yunxiang Han1,§, Mingyue Wang1, Mingfu Ye1,3, Konglin Wu1( ), Kui Zhang1( )
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
Engineering Research Center of Biofilm Water Purification and Utilization Technology of Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China

§ Yudie Sun and Yunxiang Han contributed equally to this work.

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Graphical Abstract

An effective surface confinement strategy was taken to prepare single-atom catalyst with large active surface and more exposed reactive sites. Iron single-atom catalyst (Fe-PNC) significantly enhances the cathodic luminol-O2 ECL system, achieving ultra-sensitive detection of circulating miRNA.

Abstract

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in the occurrence and development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and precise detection of them holds significant clinical implications. The development of luminol-based luminophores in the field of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) for miRNA detection has been significant, while their effectiveness is hindered by the instability of co-reactant hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In this work, an iron single-atom catalyst (Fe-PNC) was employed for catalyzing the luminol-O2 ECL system to achieve ultra-sensitive detection of myocardial miRNA. Target miRNA triggers a hybridization chain reaction (HCR), resulting in the generation of a DNA product featuring multiple sticky ends that facilitate the attachment of Fe-PNC probes to the electrode surface. The Fe-PNC catalyst exhibits high promise and efficiency for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in electrochemical energy conversion systems. The resulting ECL biosensor allowed ultrasensitive detection of myocardial miRNA with a low detection limit of 0.42 fM and a wide linear range from 1 fM to 1.0 nM. Additionally, it demonstrates exceptional performance when evaluated using serum samples collected from patients with AMI. This work expands the application of single-atom catalysis in ECL sensing and introduces novel perspectives for utilizing ECL in disease diagnosis.

Keywords

circulating miRNAssingle-atom catalystluminol-O2electrochemiluminescencehybridization chain reaction

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 9,
September 2024
Pages 7926-7934
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6767-2
Cite this article:
Sun Y, Han Y, Wang M, et al. An ultra-sensitive biosensor for circulating microRNA detection with Fe single-atom enhanced cathodic luminol-O2 electrochemiluminescence. Nano Research, 2024, 17(9): 7926-7934. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6767-2
Topics:
Electrocatalysts

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Received: 13 March 2024
Revised: 29 April 2024
Accepted: 15 May 2024
Published: 06 June 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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