AI Chat Paper
Note: Please note that the following content is generated by AMiner AI. SciOpen does not take any responsibility related to this content.
{{lang === 'zh_CN' ? '文章概述' : 'Summary'}}
{{lang === 'en_US' ? '中' : 'Eng'}}
Chat more with AI
Powered by AMiner. Clicking this button will take you away from SciOpen.
Home Nano Research Article
Article Link
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript
Show Outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Research Article

3D-structured carbon nanotube fibers as ultra-robust fabrics for adaptive electromagnetic shielding

Dongping Li1,2, Ping Wang2, Yuanyuan Li2, Zhenzhong Yong1, Kunjie Wu1, Yan Zhang2( ), Jin Wang1( ), Dongmei Hu1( )
Key Laboratory of Multifunctional and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
College of Textile and Clothing Engineering of Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, China
Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

This article prepared a three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanotube-based spacer fabric (CNT-SF) with tunable electromagnetic shielding properties through weaving technology. By rotating the direction of modifying CNT-SF with chemical vapor deposition (CCNT-SF), the shielding effectiveness can be changed from 33 to 87 dB. Meanwhile, the CCNT-SF shows great mechanical properties and electric heating performance.

Abstract

Wireless communication technology is indispensable in our daily lives, but it also results in serious electromagnetic radiation pollution. Hence, developing smart electromagnetic interference shielding materials with adjustable electromagnetic wave (EMW) responses holds significant promise for future electromagnetic shielding devices. In this study, we propose an electromagnetic shielding switch (ESS) characterized by tunable electromagnetic shielding performance achieved by fabricating a three-dimensional (3D) carbon nanotube-based spacer fabric (CNT-SF) and modifying CNT-SF with chemical vapor deposition (CCNT-SF). The CCNT-SF displays direction-dependent electrical conductivity by manipulating the warp and weft density, measuring 128 S/m transversely and 447 S/m vertically. This characteristic allows the CCNT-SF to transmit or shield EMW by adjusting the angle of EMW incidence through fabric rotation, resulting in anisotropic electromagnetic shielding performance (33 dB transversely and 87 dB vertically). This feature enables switchable shielding with an on/off ratio of 2.64. Furthermore, the unique 3D structure confers excellent mechanical properties on the fabric, with compressive strength reaching 120 kPa. As a flexible, lightweight, and mechanically robust ESS, the CCNT-SF holds promising prospects for mitigating the challenges of increasingly severe and intricate electromagnetic environments.

Keywords

carbon nanotubejoule heatingimpact resistanceelectromagnetic shieldingspacer fabricelectromagnetic shielding switch

Electronic Supplementary Material

Video
6814_ESM2.avi
6814_ESM3.avi
6814_ESM4.avi
6814_ESM5.avi
Download File(s)
6814_ESM1.pdf (7.9 MB)

References

[1]

Li, Y.; Shen, B.; Pei, X. L.; Zhang, Y. G.; Yi, D.; Zhai, W. T.; Zhang, L. H.; Wei, X. C.; Zheng, W. G. Ultrathin carbon foams for effective electromagnetic interference shielding. Carbon 2016, 100, 375–385.
Crossref Google Scholar
[2]

Jin, X. X.; Wang, J. F.; Dai, L. Z.; Liu, X. Y.; Li, L.; Yang, Y. Y.; Cao, Y. X.; Wang, W. J.; Wu, H.; Guo, S. Y. Flame-retardant poly(vinyl alcohol)/MXene multilayered films with outstanding electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal conductive performances. Chem. Eng. J. 2020, 380, 122475.
Crossref Google Scholar
[3]

Lv, H. L.; Yao, Y. X.; Li, S. C.; Wu, G. L.; Zhao, B.; Zhou, X. D.; Dupont, R. L.; Kara, U. I.; Zhou, Y. M.; Xi, S. B. et al. Staggered circular nanoporous graphene converts electromagnetic waves into electricity. Nat. Commun. 2023, 14, 1982.
Crossref Google Scholar
[4]

Yao, F. C.; Xie, W. H.; Ma, C.; Wang, D. D.; El-Bahy, Z. M.; Helal, M. H.; Liu, H.; Du, A.; Guo, Z. H.; Gu, H. B. Superb electromagnetic shielding polymer nanocomposites filled with 3-dimensional p-phenylenediamine/aniline copolymer nanofibers@copper foam hybrid nanofillers. Compos. Part B: Eng. 2022, 245, 110236.
Crossref Google Scholar
[5]

Xie, F.; Jia, F. F.; Zhuo, L. H.; Lu, Z. Q.; Si, L. M.; Huang, J. Z.; Zhang, M. Y.; Ma, Q. Ultrathin MXene/aramid nanofiber composite paper with excellent mechanical properties for efficient electromagnetic interference shielding. Nanoscale 2019, 11, 23382–23391.
Crossref Google Scholar
[6]

Iqbal, A.; Shahzad, F.; Hantanasirisakul, K.; Kim, M. K.; Kwon, J.; Hong, J.; Kim, H.; Kim, D.; Gogotsi, Y.; Koo, C. M. Anomalous absorption of electromagnetic waves by 2D transition metal carbonitride Ti3CNT X (MXene). Science 2020, 369, 446–450.
Crossref Google Scholar
[7]

Hu, X. L.; Tian, M. W.; Xu, T. L.; Sun, X. T.; Sun, B.; Sun, C. C.; Liu, X. Q.; Zhang, X. J.; Qu, L. J. Multiscale disordered porous fibers for self-sensing and self-cooling integrated smart sportswear. ACS Nano 2020, 14, 559–567.
Crossref Google Scholar
[8]

Wang, J.; Ma, X. Y.; Zhou, J. L.; Du, F. L.; Teng, C. Bioinspired, High-strength, and flexible MXene/aramid fiber for electromagnetic interference shielding papers with joule heating performance. ACS Nano 2022, 16, 6700–6711.
Crossref Google Scholar
[9]

Zhang, X.; Tian, X. L.; Wu, N.; Zhao, S. Y.; Qin, Y. T.; Pan, F.; Yue, S. Y.; Ma, X. Y.; Qiao, J.; Xu, W. et al. Metal-organic frameworks with fine-tuned interlayer spacing for microwave absorption. Sci. Adv. 2024, 10, eadl6498.
Crossref Google Scholar
[10]

Jia, X. C.; Shen, B.; Zhang, L. H.; Zheng, W. G. Construction of shape-memory carbon foam composites for adjustable EMI shielding under self-fixable mechanical deformation. Chem. Eng. J. 2021, 405, 126927.
Crossref Google Scholar
[11]

Li, S. T.; Wang, J. S.; Zhu, Z. W.; Liu, D. Y.; Li, W. C.; Sui, G. X.; Park, C. B. CVD carbon-coated carbonized loofah sponge loaded with a directionally arrayed MXene aerogel for electromagnetic interference shielding. J. Mater. Chem. A 2021, 9, 358–370.
Crossref Google Scholar
[12]

Wu, N. N.; Zhao, B. B.; Chen, X. Y.; Hou, C. X.; Huang, M. N.; Alhadhrami, A.; Mersal, G. A. M.; Ibrahim, M. M.; Tian, J. Dielectric properties and electromagnetic simulation of molybdenum disulfide and ferric oxide-modified Ti3C2TX MXene hetero-structure for potential microwave absorption. Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 2022, 5, 1548–1556.
Crossref Google Scholar
[13]

Li, J. T.; Zhang, G. C.; Ma, Z. L.; Fan, X. L.; Fan, X. L.; Qin, J. B.; Shi, X. T. Morphologies and electromagnetic interference shielding performances of microcellular epoxy/multi-wall carbon nanotube nanocomposite foams. Compos. Sci. Technol. 2016, 129, 70–78.
Crossref Google Scholar
[14]

Zhang, H. M.; Zhang, G. C.; Li, J. T.; Fan, X.; Jing, Z. X.; Li, J. W.; Shi, X. T. Lightweight, multifunctional microcellular PMMA/Fe3O4@MWCNTs nanocomposite foams with efficient electromagnetic interference shielding. Compos. Part A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2017, 100, 128–138.
Crossref Google Scholar
[15]

Zhi, X.; Zhang, H. B.; Liao, Y. F.; Hu, Q. H.; Gui, C. X.; Yu, Z. Z. Electrically conductive polycarbonate/carbon nanotube composites toughened with micron-scale voids. Carbon 2015, 82, 195–204.
Crossref Google Scholar
[16]

Lu, D. W.; Mo, Z. C.; Liang, B. H.; Yang, L. L.; He, Z. F.; Zhu, H.; Tang, Z. K.; Gui, X. C. Flexible, lightweight carbon nanotube sponges and composites for high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding. Carbon 2018, 133, 457–463.
Crossref Google Scholar
[17]

Zhang, H. B.; Yan, Q.; Zheng, W. G.; He, Z. X.; Yu, Z. Z. Tough graphene-polymer microcellular foams for electromagnetic interference shielding. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2011, 3, 918–924.
Crossref Google Scholar
[18]

Chen, Y.; Zhang, H. B.; Yang, Y. B.; Wang, M.; Cao, A. Y.; Yu, Z. Z. High-performance epoxy nanocomposites reinforced with three-dimensional carbon nanotube sponge for electromagnetic interference shielding. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016, 26, 447–455.
Crossref Google Scholar
[19]

Deutschmann, B.; Winkler, G.; Kastner, P. Impact of electromagnetic interference on the functional safety of smart power devices for automotive applications. Elektrotech. Informationstechnik 2018, 135, 352–359.
Crossref Google Scholar
[20]

Fu, B. Q.; Ren, P. G.; Guo, Z. Z.; Du, Y. L.; Jin, Y. L.; Sun, Z. F.; Dai, Z.; Ren, F. Construction of three-dimensional interconnected graphene nanosheet network in thermoplastic polyurethane with highly efficient electromagnetic interference shielding. Compos. Part B: Eng. 2021, 215, 108813.
Crossref Google Scholar
[21]

Pan, F.; Shi, Y. Y.; Yang, Y.; Guo, H. T.; Li, L. X.; Jiang, H. J.; Wang, X.; Zeng, Z. H.; Lu, W. Porifera-inspired lightweight, thin, wrinkle-resistance, and multifunctional MXene foam. Adv. Mater. 2024, 36, 2311135.
Crossref Google Scholar
[22]

Zhao, B.; Yan, Z. K.; Du, Y. Q.; Rao, L. J.; Chen, G. Y.; Wu, Y. Y.; Yang, L. T.; Zhang, J. C.; Wu, L. M.; Zhang, D. W. et al. High-entropy enhanced microwave attenuation in titanate perovskites. Adv. Mater. 2023, 35, 2210243.
Crossref Google Scholar
[23]

Mathur, P.; Raman, S. Electromagnetic interference (EMI): Measurement and reduction techniques. J. Electron. Mater. 2020, 49, 2975–2998.
Crossref Google Scholar
[24]

Madakam, S.; Ramaswamy, R.; Tripathi, S. Internet of things (IoT): A literature review. J. Comput. Commun. 2015, 3, 164–173.
Crossref Google Scholar
[25]

Ullah, H.; Gopalakrishnan Nair, N.; Moore, A.; Nugent, C.; Muschamp, P.; Cuevas, M. 5G communication: An overview of vehicle-to-everything, drones, and healthcare use-cases. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 37251–37268.
Crossref Google Scholar
[26]

Wu, S. J.; Li, H. J.; Futaba, D. N.; Chen, G. H.; Chen, C.; Zhou, K. C.; Zhang, Q. F.; Li, M.; Ye, Z. L.; Xu, M. Structural design and fabrication of multifunctional nanocarbon materials for extreme environmental applications. Adv. Mater. 2022, 34, 2201046.
Crossref Google Scholar
[27]

Kong, Y.; Lv, Z. Q.; Li, C. W.; Men, C. L.; Wu, X. Q.; Wang, J.; Hu, D. M. Half-full filled aerogels with a 348% increment in energy absorption and a retained high electromagnetic shielding performance. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2024, 34, 2314947.
Crossref Google Scholar
[28]

Yang, S. W.; Li, Y. Q.; Chen, L. F.; Wang, H.; Shang, L. Y.; He, P.; Dong, H.; Wang, G.; Ding, G. Q. Fabrication of carbon-based quantum dots via a "bottom-up" approach: Topology, chirality, and free radical processes in "building blocks". Small 2023, 19, 2205957.
Crossref Google Scholar
[29]

Liu, X. F.; Li, Y.; Sun, X.; Tang, W. K.; Deng, G.; Liu, Y. J.; Song, Z. M.; Yu, Y. H.; Yu, R. H.; Dai, L. M. et al. Off/on switchable smart electromagnetic interference shielding aerogel. Matter 2021, 4, 1735–1747.
Crossref Google Scholar
[30]

Shahzad, F.; Alhabeb, M.; Hatter, C. B.; Anasori, B.; Man Hong, S.; Koo, C. M.; Gogotsi, Y. Electromagnetic interference shielding with 2D transition metal carbides (MXenes). Science 2016, 353, 1137–1140.
Crossref Google Scholar
[31]

Yan, D. X.; Pang, H.; Li, B.; Vajtai, R.; Xu, L.; Ren, P. G.; Wang, J. H.; Li, Z. M. Structured reduced graphene oxide/polymer composites for ultra-efficient electromagnetic interference shielding. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015, 25, 559–566.
Crossref Google Scholar
[32]

Li, Q.; Zhang, Z.; Qi, L. P.; Liao, Q. L.; Kang, Z.; Zhang, Y. Toward the application of high frequency electromagnetic wave absorption by carbon nanostructures. Adv. Sci. 2019, 6, 1801057.
Crossref Google Scholar
[33]

Song, W. L.; Zhang, Y. J.; Zhang, K. L.; Wang, K.; Zhang, L.; Chen, L. L.; Huang, Y. X.; Chen, M. J.; Lei, H. S.; Chen, H. S. et al. Ionic conductive gels for optically manipulatable microwave stealth structures. Adv. Sci. 2020, 7, 1902162.
Crossref Google Scholar
[34]

Singh, A. P.; Mishra, M.; Sambyal, P.; Gupta, B. K.; Singh, B. P.; Chandra, A.; Dhawan, S. K. Encapsulation of γ-Fe2O3 decorated reduced graphene oxide in polyaniline core-shell tubes as an exceptional tracker for electromagnetic environmental pollution. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 3581–3593.
Crossref Google Scholar
[35]

Joshi, A.; Datar, S. Carbon nanostructure composite for electromagnetic interference shielding. Pramana 2015, 84, 1099–1116.
Crossref Google Scholar
[36]

Saini, P.; Choudhary, V.; Singh, B. P.; Mathur, R. B.; Dhawan, S. K. Polyaniline-MWCNT nanocomposites for microwave absorption and EMI shielding. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2009, 113, 919–926.
Crossref Google Scholar
[37]

Si, Y.; Wang, X. Q.; Dou, L.; Yu, J. Y.; Ding, B. Ultralight and fire-resistant ceramic nanofibrous aerogels with temperature-invariant superelasticity. Sci. Adv. 2018, 4, eaas8925.
Crossref Google Scholar
[38]

Wang, X. X.; Cao, W. Q.; Cao, M. S.; Yuan, J. Assembling nano-microarchitecture for electromagnetic absorbers and smart devices. Adv. Mater. 2020, 32, 2002112.
Crossref Google Scholar
[39]

Wen, B.; Cao, M. S.; Lu, M. M.; Cao, W. Q.; Shi, H. L.; Liu, J.; Wang, X. X.; Jin, H. B.; Fang, X. Y.; Wang, W. Z. et al. Reduced graphene oxides: Light-weight and high-efficiency electromagnetic interference shielding at elevated temperatures. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 3484–3489.
Crossref Google Scholar
[40]

Yuan, W. J.; Liu, H. T.; Wang, X. H.; Huang, L.; Yin, F. X.; Yuan, Y. Conductive MXene/melamine sponge combined with 3D printing resin base prepared as an electromagnetic interferences shielding switch. Compos. Part A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 2021, 143, 106238.
Crossref Google Scholar
[41]

Li, B.; Tian, H. Y.; Li, L.; Liu, W.; Liu, J. R.; Zeng, Z. H.; Wu, N. Graphene-assisted assembly of electrically and magnetically conductive ceramic nanofibrous aerogels enable multifunctionality. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2024, 34, 2314653.
Crossref Google Scholar
[42]

Dong, K.; Peng, X.; Cheng, R. W.; Ning, C.; Jiang, Y.; Zhang, Y. H.; Wang, Z. L. Advances in high-performance autonomous energy and self-powered sensing textiles with novel 3D fabric structures. Adv. Mater. 2022, 34, 2109355.
Crossref Google Scholar
[43]

Sheng, F. F.; Zhang, B.; Zhang, Y. H.; Li, Y. Y.; Cheng, R. W.; Wei, C. H.; Ning, C.; Dong, K.; Wang, Z. L. Ultrastretchable organogel/silicone fiber-helical sensors for self-powered implantable ligament strain monitoring. ACS Nano 2022, 16, 10958–10967.
Crossref Google Scholar
[44]

Xiao, K. L.; Zhang, P. F.; Hu, D. M.; Huang, C. G.; Wu, X. Q. Micron-thick interlocked carbon nanotube films with excellent impact resistance via micro-ballistic impact. Small 2023, 19, 2302403.
Crossref Google Scholar
[45]

Luo, J. J.; Wen, Y. Y.; Jia, X. Z.; Lei, X. D.; Gao, Z. F.; Jian, M. Q.; Xiao, Z. H.; Li, L. Y.; Zhang, J. W.; Li, T. et al. Fabricating strong and tough aramid fibers by small addition of carbon nanotubes. Nat. Commun. 2023, 14, 3019.
Crossref Google Scholar
[46]

Xiao, K. L.; Jin, W. Y.; Liu, H. B.; Huang, C. G.; Li, Y. L.; Wu, X. Q. Low-density multilayer graphdiyne film with excellent energy dissipation capability under micro-ballistic impact. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2023, 33, 2212361.
Crossref Google Scholar
[47]

Gu, B. H. Analytical Modeling for the ballistic perforation of planar plain-woven fabric target by projectile. Compos. Part B: Eng. 2003, 34, 361–371.
Crossref Google Scholar
[48]

Qiao, J.; Song, Q. H.; Zhang, X.; Zhao, S. Y.; Liu, J. R.; Nyström, G.; Zeng, Z. H. Enhancing interface connectivity for multifunctional magnetic carbon aerogels: An in situ growth strategy of metal-organic frameworks on cellulose nanofibrils. Adv. Sci. 2024, 11, 2400403.
Crossref Google Scholar
[49]

Zheng, S. N.; Xu, W. L.; Liu, J. R.; Pan, F.; Zhao, S. Y.; Wang, Y. D.; Zeng, Z. H.; Wu, N. One-hour ambient-pressure-dried, scalable, stretchable MXene/polyurea aerogel enables synergistic defense against high-frequency mechanical shock and electromagnetic waves. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2024, 2402889.
Crossref Google Scholar
[50]

Yao, B.; Hong, W.; Chen, T. W.; Han, Z. B.; Xu, X. W.; Hu, R. C.; Hao, J. Y.; Li, C. H.; Li, H.; Perini, S. E. et al. Highly stretchable polymer composite with strain-enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness. Adv. Mater. 2020, 32, 1907499.
Crossref Google Scholar
[51]

Zhang, M. K.; Zhang, P. J.; Wang, Q.; Li, L.; Dong, S. J.; Liu, J.; Rao, W. Stretchable liquid metal electromagnetic interference shielding coating materials with superior effectiveness. J. Mater. Chem. C 2019, 7, 10331–10337.
Crossref Google Scholar
[52]

Luo, N. N.; Han, K.; Zhuo, F. P.; Liu, L. J.; Chen, X. Y.; Peng, B. L.; Wang, X. P.; Feng, Q.; Wei, Y. Z. Design for high energy storage density and temperature-insensitive lead-free antiferroelectric ceramics. J. Mater. Chem. C 2019, 7, 4999–5008.
Crossref Google Scholar
[53]

Lv, H. L.; Yang, Z. H.; Ong, S. J. H.; Wei, C.; Liao, H. B.; Xi, S. B.; Du, Y. H.; Ji, G. B.; Xu, Z. J. A flexible microwave shield with tunable frequency-transmission and electromagnetic compatibility. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 29, 1900163.
Crossref Google Scholar
[54]

Cao, M. S.; Song, W. L.; Hou, Z. L.; Wen, B.; Yuan, J. The effects of temperature and frequency on the dielectric properties, electromagnetic interference shielding and microwave-absorption of short carbon fiber/silica composites. Carbon 2010, 48, 788–796.
Crossref Google Scholar
[55]

Qiao, J.; Song, Q. H.; Xuan, L. X.; Liu, J. R.; Zhang, X.; Zheng, S. N.; Lin, J. P.; Cai, W. Q.; Zhang, Q. D.; Zeng, Z. H. et al. Dual cross-linked magnetic MXene aerogel with high strength and durability enables multifunctionality. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2024, 2401687
Crossref Google Scholar
[56]

Guo, Z. P.; Wang, Y. L.; Huang, J. J.; Zhang, S. Y.; Zhang, R. Q.; Ye, D. Z.; Cai, G. M.; Yang, H. J.; Gu, S. J.; Xu, W. L. Multi-functional and water-resistant conductive silver nanoparticle-decorated cotton textiles with excellent joule heating performances and human motion monitoring. Cellulose 2021, 28, 7483–7495.
Crossref Google Scholar
[57]

Zhang, Y. J.; Ren, H.; Chen, H. Q.; Chen, Q. J.; Jin, L. J.; Peng, W. M.; Xin, S. X.; Bai, Y. X. Cotton fabrics decorated with conductive graphene nanosheet inks for flexible wearable heaters and strain sensors. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2021, 4, 9709–9720.
Crossref Google Scholar
[58]

Liu, Q.; Zhang, Y.; Liu, Y. B.; Liu, Z. X.; Zhang, B. L.; Zhang, Q. Y. Ultrathin, biomimetic multifunctional leaf-like silver nanowires/Ti3C2Tx MXene/cellulose nanofibrils nanocomposite film for high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal management. J. Alloys Compd. 2021, 860, 158151.
Crossref Google Scholar
[59]

Souri, H.; Bhattacharyya, D. Wool Fabrics decorated with carbon-based conductive ink for low-voltage heaters. Mater. Adv. 2022, 3, 3952–3960.
Crossref Google Scholar
[60]

Chen, Q. J.; Jin, L. J.; Xin, S. X.; Bai, Y. X.; Wang, W. J.; Gao, W. S. Polyethylene/carbon fiber composites reinforced by a non-covalent compatibilization approach for flexible electric heater and structural self-monitoring. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2022, 601, 154207.
Crossref Google Scholar
[61]

Deokar, G.; Reguig, A.; Tripathi, M.; Buttner, U.; Fina, A.; Dalton, A. B.; Costa, P. M. F. J. Flexible, air-stable, high-performance heaters based on nanoscale-thick graphite films. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2022, 14, 17899–17910.
Crossref Google Scholar
[62]

Zou, R.; Liu, F.; Hu, N.; Ning, H. M.; Jiang, X. P.; Xu, C. H.; Fu, S. Y.; Li, Y. Q.; Zhou, X. Y.; Yan, C. Carbonized polydopamine nanoparticle reinforced graphene films with superior thermal conductivity. Carbon 2019, 149, 173–180.
Crossref Google Scholar
[63]

Issman, L.; Alper, M.; Howard, S.; Karch, C.; Yeshurun, S.; Pick, M.; Boies, A. Direct-spun CNT textiles for high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding in an ultra-wide bandwidth. Carbon 2023, 206, 166–180.
Crossref Google Scholar
Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 9,
September 2024
Pages 8521-8530
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6814-z
Cite this article:
Li D, Wang P, Li Y, et al. 3D-structured carbon nanotube fibers as ultra-robust fabrics for adaptive electromagnetic shielding. Nano Research, 2024, 17(9): 8521-8530. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6814-z
Topics:
CarbonCarbon nanotubes

341

Views

0

Crossref

0

Web of Science

0

Scopus

0

CSCD

Altmetrics
Received: 26 April 2024
Revised: 03 June 2024
Accepted: 09 June 2024
Published: 11 July 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
Return