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Research Article

Dinitride-free Li plating/stripping via lithiophilic seeds in a 3D matrix for enhanced Li-metal battery stability

Jingjing Liu1,2( ), Aiguo Jia1, Chun Qin1, Junming Chao1, Yong Li2, Yuqing Li3, Shengyu Wang1, Xiaotian Guo2, Huan Pang2( )
School of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Testing Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
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Graphical Abstract

A three-dimensional (3D) CuZn framework seeded with lithiophilic ZnO nano seeds (ZnO NS@3D CuZn) in pores and tunnels was successfully synthesized. As a result, the Li||LiFePO4 (LFP) ZnO NS@3D CuZn half-cell achieved long life of near 350 cycles at 0.5 mA·cm−2 and the Li@ZnO NS@3D CuZn||LFP full cell demonstrates superb cycling retention of 90.1% after 600 cycles.

Abstract

The uncontrolled dendrite growth and volume change of Li metal during cycling lead to a short cycle life and safety concerns for Li-metal batteries, which hinders their practical application. Herein, we report the facile and energy-saving production of a three-dimensional (3D) CuZn matrix decorated with in-situ formed ZnO nano seeds (ZnO NS@3D CuZn) in pores and tunnels, which can serve as an anode current collector for dendrite-free Li-metal batteries. The 3D porous framework reduced the anode current density and accommodated Li volume change during the charge/discharge process. More importantly, the lithiophilic ZnO nano seeds induced fast Li deposition into the pores and tunnels of the 3D structure to effectively confine the deposited Li. As a positive effect, the volume change and Li dendrite growth during cycling are greatly suppressed. The half-cell with the ZnO NS@3D CuZn current collector exhibited a Coulombic efficiency (CE) of above 98% for over 320 and 240 cycles at 0.5 and 1 mA·cm−2, respectively. The Li@ZnO NS@3D CuZn symmetric cell achieves a lifespan of over 1500 h. Moreover, the Li@ZnO NS@3D CuZn||LiFePO4 full cell achieves a superb average CE of 99.4% and a long life of 600 cycles before the capacity retention rate decays to 90%.

Keywords

cycle lifelithium dendritelithium metal batterythree-dimensional current collectorZnO nano seed

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Nano Research
Volume 17 Issue 9,
September 2024
Pages 8163-8173
DOI: 10.1007/s12274-024-6864-2
Cite this article:
Liu J, Jia A, Qin C, et al. Dinitride-free Li plating/stripping via lithiophilic seeds in a 3D matrix for enhanced Li-metal battery stability. Nano Research, 2024, 17(9): 8163-8173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-024-6864-2
Topics:
Lithium batteries

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Received: 16 May 2024
Revised: 03 July 2024
Accepted: 03 July 2024
Published: 25 July 2024
© Tsinghua University Press 2024
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