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Research Article | Open Access

Growth of single crystals in the (Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-(Sr1-xCax)TiO3 system by solid state crystal growth

Phan Gia LEa, Huyen Tran TRANa, Jong-Sook LEEa, John G. FISHERa( ), Hwang-Pill KIMb, Wook JOb, Won-Jin MOONc
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
Korea Basic Science Institute, Gwangju Center, 77 Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Abstract

Ceramics based on (Na1/2B1/2)TiO3 are promising candidates for actuator applications because of large strains generated by an electric field-induced phase transition. For example, the (1-x)(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-xSrTiO3 system exhibits a morphotropic phase boundary at x = 0.2-0.3, leading to high values of inverse piezoelectric constant d*33, which can be further improved by the use of single crystals. In our previous work, single crystals of (Na1/2B1/2)TiO3-SrTiO3 and (Na1/2B1/2)TiO3- CaTiO3 were grown by the solid state crystal growth technique. Growth in the (Na1/2B1/2)TiO3-SrTiO3 system was sluggish whereas the (Na1/2B1/2)TiO3-CaTiO3 single crystals grew well. In the present work, 0.8(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-0.2(Sr1-xCax)TiO3 single crystals (with x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) were produced by the solid state crystal growth technique in an attempt to improve crystal growth rate. The dependence of mean matrix grain size, single crystal growth distance, and electrical properties on the Ca concentration was investigated in detail. These investigations indicated that at x = 0.3 the matrix grain growth was suppressed and the driving force for single crystal growth was enhanced. Replacing Sr with Ca increased the shoulder temperature Ts and temperature of maximum relative permittivity Tmax, causing a decrease in inverse piezoelectric properties and a change from normal to incipient ferroelectric behavior.

Keywords

(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3lead-free piezoelectricsingle crystalmicrostructureelectrical properties

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics
Volume 10 Issue 5,
October 2021
Pages 973-990
DOI: 10.1007/s40145-021-0481-2
Cite this article:
LE PG, TRAN HT, LEE J-S, et al. Growth of single crystals in the (Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-(Sr1-xCax)TiO3 system by solid state crystal growth. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2021, 10(5): 973-990. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40145-021-0481-2

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Received: 13 January 2021
Revised: 07 April 2021
Accepted: 09 April 2021
Published: 01 June 2021
© The Author(s) 2021

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