AI Chat Paper
Note: Please note that the following content is generated by AMiner AI. SciOpen does not take any responsibility related to this content.
{{lang === 'zh_CN' ? '文章概述' : 'Summary'}}
{{lang === 'en_US' ? '中' : 'Eng'}}
Chat more with AI
Powered by AMiner. Clicking this button will take you away from SciOpen.
Home Journal of Advanced Ceramics Article
PDF (2.4 MB)
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript AI Chat Paper
Show Outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Research Article | Open Access

Optimized strain performance in <001>-textured Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based ceramics with ergodic relaxor state and core–shell microstructure

Xuefan ZHOU†, Huiping YANG†, Guoliang XUE, Hang LUO( ), Dou ZHANG( )
Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

† Xuefan Zhou and Huiping Yang contributed equally to this work.

Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Herein, a high strain of ~0.3% with a small hysteresis of 43% is achieved at a low electric field of 4 kV/mm in the highly <001>-textured 0.97(0.76Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–0.24SrTiO3)–0.03NaNbO3 (BNT–ST–0.03NN) ceramics with an ergodic relaxor (ER) state, leading to a large normalized strain (d33*) of 720 pm/V. The introduction of NN templates into BNT–ST induces the grain orientation growth and enhances the ergodicity. The highly <001>-textured BNT–ST–0.03NN ceramics display a pure ergodic relaxor state with coexisted ferroelectric R 3¯c and antiferroelectric P4bm polar nanoregions (PNRs) on nanoscale. Moreover, due to the incomplete interdiffusion between the NN template and BNT–ST matrix, the textured ceramics present a core–shell structure with the antiferroelectric NN core, and thus the BNT-based matrix owns more R 3¯c PNRs relative to the homogeneous nontextured samples. The high <001> crystallographic texture and more R 3¯c PNRs both facilitate the relaxor-to-ferroelectric transition, leading to the low-field-driven high strain, while the ergodic relaxor state ensures a small hysteresis. Furthermore, the d33* value remains high up to 518 pm/V at 100 ℃ with an ultra-low hysteresis of 6%.

Keywords

Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT)-based ceramicsergodic relaxor (ER) state<001>crystallographic texturecore–shell structureoptimized strain performance

Electronic Supplementary Material

Download File(s)
40145_0628_ESM.pdf (920.9 KB)

References

[1]
Jaffe H, Berlincourt DA. Piezoelectric transducer materials. Proc IEEE 1965, 53: 1372-1386.
Crossref Google Scholar
[2]
Shvartsman VV, Lupascu DC. Lead-free relaxor ferroelectrics. J Am Ceram Soc 2012, 95: 1-26.
Crossref Google Scholar
[3]
Rödel J, Webber KG, Dittmer R, et al. Transferring lead-free piezoelectric ceramics into application. J Eur Ceram Soc 2015, 35: 1659-1681.
Crossref Google Scholar
[4]
Zheng T, Wu JG, Xiao DQ, et al. Recent development in lead-free perovskite piezoelectric bulk materials. Prog Mater Sci 2018, 98: 552-624.
Crossref Google Scholar
[5]
Wu JG. Perovskite lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. J Appl Phys 2020, 127: 190901.
Crossref Google Scholar
[6]
Zhou XF, Xue GL, Luo H, et al. Phase structure and properties of sodium bismuth titanate lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Prog Mater Sci 2021, 122: 100836.
Crossref Google Scholar
[7]
Zhang ST, Kounga AB, Aulbach E, et al. Giant strain in lead-free piezoceramics Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–BaTiO3–K0.5Na0.5NbO3 system. Appl Phys Lett 2007, 91: 112906.
Google Scholar
[8]
Jo W, Granzow T, Aulbach E, et al. Origin of the large strain response in (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-modified (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–BaTiO3 lead-free piezoceramics. J Appl Phys 2009, 105: 094102.
Google Scholar
[9]
Kling J, Tan XL, Jo W, et al. In situ transmission electron microscopy of electric field-triggered reversible domain formation in Bi-based lead-free piezoceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2010, 93: 2452-2455.
Crossref Google Scholar
[10]
Daniels JE, Jo W, Rödel J, et al. Electric-field-induced phase-change behavior in (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–BaTiO3–(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3: A combinatorial investigation. Acta Mater 2010, 58: 2103-2111.
Google Scholar
[11]
Dittmer R, Jo W, Rödel J, et al. Nanoscale insight into lead-free BNT–BT–xKNN. Adv Funct Mater 2012, 22: 4208-4215.
Crossref Google Scholar
[12]
Schütz D, Deluca M, Krauss W, et al. Lone-pair-induced covalency as the cause of temperature- and field-induced instabilities in bismuth sodium titanate. Adv Funct Mater 2012, 22: 2285-2294.
Crossref Google Scholar
[13]
Liu XM, Tan XL. Giant strains in non-textured (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-based lead-free ceramics. Adv Mater 2016, 28: 574-578.
Crossref Google Scholar
[14]
Li TY, Lou XJ, Ke XQ, et al. Giant strain with low hysteresis in A-site-deficient (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-based lead-free piezoceramics. Acta Mater 2017, 128: 337-344.
Crossref Google Scholar
[15]
Yin J, Liu G, Lv X, et al. Superior and anti-fatigue electro-strain in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based polycrystalline relaxor ferroelectrics. J Mater Chem A 2019, 7: 5391-5401.
Crossref Google Scholar
[16]
Wu JY, Zhang HB, Huang CH, et al. Ultrahigh field-induced strain in lead-free ceramics. Nano Energy 2020, 76: 105037.
Crossref Google Scholar
[17]
Qian H, Yu ZL, Mao MM, et al. Nanoscale origins of small hysteresis and remnant strain in Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based lead-free ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2018, 38: 361-369.
Crossref Google Scholar
[18]
Deng AP, Wu JG. Optimized strain properties with small hysteresis in BNT-based ceramics with ergodic relaxor state. J Eur Ceram Soc 2021, 41: 5147-5154.
Crossref Google Scholar
[19]
Wada S, Park SE, Cross LE, et al. Engineered domain configuration in rhombohedral PZN–PT single crystals and their ferroelectric related properties. Ferroelectrics 1999, 221: 147-155.
Crossref Google Scholar
[20]
Damjanovic D, Budimir M, Davis M, et al. Piezoelectric anisotropy: Enhanced piezoelectric response along nonpolar directions in perovskite crystals. J Mater Sci 2006, 41: 65-76.
Crossref Google Scholar
[21]
Wada S, Yako K, Yokoo K, et al. Domain wall engineering in lead-free piezoelectric materials for enhanced piezoelectric properties. In: Electroceramic Materials and Applications. Schwartz RW, Ed. The American Ceramics Society, 2006: 109–118
[22]
Schneider D, Jo W, Rödel J, et al. Anisotropy of ferroelectric behavior of (1–x)Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3–xBaTiO3 single crystals across the morphotropic phase boundary. J Appl Phys 2014, 116: 044111.
Crossref Google Scholar
[23]
Jo W, Dittmer R, Acosta M, et al. Giant electric-field-induced strains in lead-free ceramics for actuator applications—status and perspective. J Electroceramics 2012, 29: 71-93.
Crossref Google Scholar
[24]
Park SE, Shrout TR. Ultrahigh strain and piezoelectric behavior in relaxor based ferroelectric single crystals. J Appl Phys 1997, 82: 1804-1811.
Crossref Google Scholar
[25]
Luo CT, Ge WW, Zhang QH, et al. Crystallographic direction dependence of direct current field induced strain and phase transitions in Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–x%BaTiO3 single crystals near the morphotropic phase boundary. Appl Phys Lett 2012, 101: 141912.
Crossref Google Scholar
[26]
Chen C, Zhao XY, Wang YJ, et al. Giant strain and electric-field-induced phase transition in lead-free (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–BaTiO3–(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 single crystal. Appl Phys Lett 2016, 108: 022903.
Google Scholar
[27]
Bai WF, Chen DQ, Zheng P, et al. NaNbO3 templates-induced phase evolution and enhancement of electromechanical properties in <00l> grain oriented lead-free BNT-based piezoelectric materials. J Eur Ceram Soc 2017, 37: 2591-2604.
Crossref
[28]
Zhao ZH, Ye MY, Ji HM, et al. Enhanced piezoelectric properties and strain response in <001> textured BNT–BKT–BT ceramics. Mater Des 2018, 137: 184-191.
Crossref
[29]
Si Y, Li Y, Li L, et al. Giant electro-strain in textured Li+-doped 0.852BNT–0.11BKT–0.038BT ternary lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2020, 103: 1765-1772.
Crossref Google Scholar
[30]
Bai W, Zhao X, Huang Y, et al. Integrating chemical engineering and crystallographic texturing design strategy for the realization of practically viable lead-free sodium bismuth titanate-based incipient piezoceramics. Dalton Trans 2020, 49: 8661-8671.
Crossref Google Scholar
[31]
Tong XY, Li HL, Zhou JJ, et al. Giant electrostrain under low driving field in Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3–SrTiO3 ceramics for actuator applications. Ceram Int 2016, 42: 16153-16159.
Crossref Google Scholar
[32]
Li HL, Liu Q, Zhou JJ, et al. Grain size dependent electrostrain in Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3–SrTiO3 incipient piezoceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2016, 36: 2849-2853.
Crossref Google Scholar
[33]
Koruza J, Rojas V, Molina-Luna L, et al. Formation of the core–shell microstructure in lead-free Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3–SrTiO3 piezoceramics and its influence on the electromechanical properties. J Eur Ceram Soc 2016, 36: 1009-1016.
Crossref Google Scholar
[34]
Tong XY, Du ZZ, Yang YT, et al. Effect of stress on the phase transition and optimizing electric-induced strain behavior of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–SrTiO3 lead-free co-fired multilayer piezoactuators. J Eur Ceram Soc 2022, 42: 2157-2169.
Crossref Google Scholar
[35]
Zhang D, Zhang SF, Yuan X, et al. Enhanced piezoelectric properties in textured NaNbO3–BaTiO3–SrZrO3 ceramics by templated grain growth. J Alloys Compd 2020, 843: 155865.
Crossref Google Scholar
[36]
Kimura T. Application of texture engineering to piezoelectric ceramics—A review. J Ceram Soc Jpn 2006, 114: 15-25.
Crossref Google Scholar
[37]
Maurya D, Zhou Y, Yan YK, et al. Synthesis mechanism of grain-oriented lead-free piezoelectric Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–BaTiO3 ceramics with giant piezoelectric response. J Mater Chem C 2013, 1: 2102.
Crossref Google Scholar
[38]
Bai WF, Li LY, Li W, et al. Effect of SrTiO3 template on electric properties of textured BNT–BKT ceramics prepared by templated grain growth process. J Alloys Compd 2014, 603: 149-157.
Crossref Google Scholar
[39]
Maurya D, Zhou Y, Wang YJ, et al. Giant strain with ultra-low hysteresis and high temperature stability in grain oriented lead-free K0.5Bi0.5TiO3–BaTiO3–Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 piezoelectric materials. Sci Rep 2015, 5: 8595.
Google Scholar
[40]
Woodward DI, Reaney IM. Electron diffraction of tilted perovskites. Acta Crystallogr Sect B 2005, 61: 387-399.
Crossref Google Scholar
[41]
Dorcet V, Trolliard G, Boullay P. Reinvestigation of phase transitions in Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 by TEM. Part I: First order rhombohedral to orthorhombic phase transition. Chem Mater 2008, 20: 5061-5073.
Google Scholar
[42]
Trolliard G, Dorcet V. Reinvestigation of phase transitions in Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 by TEM. Part II: Second order orthorhombic to tetragonal phase transition. Chem Mater 2008, 20: 5074-5082.
Google Scholar
[43]
Jo W, Schaab S, Sapper E, et al. On the phase identity and its thermal evolution of lead free (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–6 mol% BaTiO3. J Appl Phys 2011, 110: 074106.
Google Scholar
[44]
Ye SK, Fuh JYH, Lu L. Structure and electrical properties of <001> textured (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Ti0.9Zr0.1)O3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Appl Phys Lett 2012, 100: 252906.
[45]
Ma SX, Zhang YY, Liu ZP, et al. Preparation and enhanced electric-field-induced strain of textured 91BNT–6BT–3KNN lead-free piezoceramics by TGG method. J Mater Sci Mater Electron 2016, 27: 3076-3081.
Google Scholar
[46]
Zhang HB, Xu PW, Patterson E, et al. Preparation and enhanced electrical properties of grain-oriented (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-based lead-free incipient piezoceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2015, 35: 2501-2512.
Google Scholar
[47]
Otonicar M, Park J, Logar M, et al. External-field-induced crystal structure and domain texture in (1−x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–xK0.5Bi0.5TiO3 piezoceramics. Acta Mater 2017, 127: 319-331.
Google Scholar
[48]
Riemer LM, Lalitha KV, Jiang XJ, et al. Stress-induced phase transition in lead-free relaxor ferroelectric composites. Acta Mater 2017, 136: 271-280.
Google Scholar
[49]
Zhou XF, Yan ZN, Qi H, et al. Electrical properties and relaxor phase evolution of Nb-modified Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3–Bi0.5K0.5TiO3–SrTiO3 lead-free ceramics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2019, 39: 2310-2317.
Google Scholar
[50]
Yan HX, Inam F, Viola G, et al. The contribution of electrical conductivity, dielectric permittivity and domain switching in ferroelectric hysteresis loops. J Adv Dielect 2011, 1: 107–118.
Google Scholar
[51]
Ulinzheyev AV, Fesenko OE, Smotrakov VG. Super-high field-induced phase transitions in NaNbO3 crystals. Ferroelectr Lett Sect 1990, 12: 17-21.
Crossref Google Scholar
Journal of Advanced Ceramics
Volume 11 Issue 10,
October 2022
Pages 1542-1558
DOI: 10.1007/s40145-022-0628-9
Cite this article:
ZHOU X, YANG H, XUE G, et al. Optimized strain performance in <001>-textured Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-based ceramics with ergodic relaxor state and core–shell microstructure. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2022, 11(10): 1542-1558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40145-022-0628-9

1335

Views

184

Downloads

34

Crossref

29

Web of Science

30

Scopus

0

CSCD

Altmetrics
Received: 06 April 2022
Revised: 14 June 2022
Accepted: 27 June 2022
Published: 21 August 2022
© The Author(s) 2022.

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.

The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.

To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Return