AI Chat Paper
Note: Please note that the following content is generated by AMiner AI. SciOpen does not take any responsibility related to this content.
{{lang === 'zh_CN' ? '文章概述' : 'Summary'}}
{{lang === 'en_US' ? '中' : 'Eng'}}
Chat more with AI
Powered by AMiner. Clicking this button will take you away from SciOpen.
Home Friction Article
PDF (3.4 MB)
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript AI Chat Paper
Show Outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Research Article | Open Access

Adhesion at friction and wear

Research Institute of Railway Transport, Moscow 129851, Russia
Show Author Information

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Our understanding of the surrounding world, from friction to the origin of life, depends on how we imagine the contact interaction of condensed bodies. What are the forces acting in contact with solids? Do they attract (adhesive) or repel (dehesive)? Theory and research at the atomic–molecular level have shown that the force are adhesive, but everyday experiences cast doubt on this conclusion. This article addresses this issue by considering the mistakes made in experimental and theoretical tribology and surface physics. Taking into account the theories of hybridization and dehybridization of electron orbitals and valence bonds, the views on the structure of the surfaces of condensed bodies and the force arising during contact interaction are revised. The influence of van der Waals, hydrogen, covalent, metallic, and ionic bonds on the properties of lubricants is evaluated. The contours of the dehesive–deformation theory of friction and wear are also outlined.

Keywords

atomic and molecular interactionsadhesioncohesiondehesionfrictionwear

References

[1]
Kendall K. Introduction to molecular adhesion and fracture: The adhesion paradox. In Molecular Adhesion and Its Applications. Boston (USA): Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001: 3–23.
[2]
Tomlinson G A. CVI. A molecular theory of friction. Lond Edinb Dublin Philos Mag J Sci 7(46): 905–939 (1929)
Crossref Google Scholar
[3]
Singer I L, Pollock H M. Fundamentals of Friction: Macroscopic and Microscopic Processes. Dordrecht (the Netherlands): Springer, Dordrecht, 1992.
Crossref
[4]
Bhushan B, Israelachvili J N, Landman U. Nanotribology: Friction, wear and lubrication at the atomic scale. Nature 374(6523): 607–616 (1995)
Crossref Google Scholar
[5]
Krim J. Surface science and the atomic-scale origins of friction: What once was old is new again. Surf Sci 500(1–3): 741–758 (2002)
Crossref Google Scholar
[6]
McFarlane J S, Tabor D. Relation between friction and adhesion. Proc Roy Soc A 202: 244–253 (1950)
Crossref Google Scholar
[7]
Luan B Q, Robbins M O. The breakdown of continuum models for mechanical contacts. Nature 435(7044): 929–932 (2005)
Crossref Google Scholar
[8]
Luan B Q, Robbins M O. Contact of single asperities with varying adhesion: Comparing continuum mechanics to atomistic simulations. Phys Rev E 74(2): 026111 (2006)
Crossref Google Scholar
[9]
Dini D. Between continuum and atomistic contact mechanics: Could we bridge the gap? In Proceedings of the ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference, San Diego, California, USA, 2007: 625–627.
Crossref Google Scholar
[10]
Luan B Q, Robbins M O. Friction and plasticity in contacts between amorphous solids. Tribol Lett 69: 51 (2021)
Crossref Google Scholar
[11]
Information on https://ru.citaty.net/tsitaty/1798235-wolfgang-pauli-god-made-the-bulk-surfaces-were-invented-by-the-d/.
Crossref
[12]
Pollock H M. Surface forces and adhesion. In Fundamentals of Friction: Macroscopic and Microscopic Processes. Singer I L, Pollock H M., Eds. Dordrecht (the Netherlands): Springer, Dordrecht, 1992: 77–94.
Crossref
[13]
Starostina I A, Stoyanov O V, Makhrova N V, Nguen D A, Perova M S, Galimzyanova R Y, Burdova E V, Khakimullin Y N. Application of the acid-base approach to explain adhesive properties of modified rubber coatings. Polym Sci Ser D 5(2): 89–91 (2012)
Crossref Google Scholar
[14]
Harrison W A. Electronic structure and the properties of solids: The physics of the chemical bond. J Mol Struct 71(1–2):355 (1981)
Crossref Google Scholar
[15]
Vladimirov G G. Physics of the Solid Surface. Moscow (Russian Federation): Lan, 2016. (In Russian)
Crossref
[16]
Israelachvili J N. Strong intermolecular forces: covalent and coulomb Interactions. In Intermolecular and Surface Forces. Amsterdam (the Netherlands): Elsevier Inc., 2011: 53–70.
Crossref
[17]
Yaqoob M A. Adhesion and friction in single asperity contact. Ph.D. Thesis. Enschede (the Netherlands): University of Twente, 2012.
[18]
Information on https://chemistry.tcd.ie/assets/pdf/sf-chemistry/Molecular_Orbital_Theory.pdf.
Crossref
[19]
Atkins P W, Friedman R S. Molecular Quantum Mechanics. 5th edn. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press, 2010.
[20]
Jones J E. On the determination of molecular fields.—II. From the equation of state of a gas. Proc R Soc Lond A 106(738): 463–477 (1924)
Crossref Google Scholar
[21]
Jones J E, Devonshire A F. Critical and co-operative phenomena. III. A theory of melting and the structure of liquids. Proc R Soc Lond A 169(938): 317–338 (1939)
Crossref Google Scholar
[22]
Derjaguin B V, Muller V M, Toporov Y P. Effect of contact deformations on the adhesion of particles. J Colloid Interface Sci 53(2): 314–326 (1975)
Crossref Google Scholar
[23]
Johnson K L. Adhesion at the contact of solids. In Proceedings the 14th IUTAM congress on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Delft, the Netherlands, 1976.
Google Scholar
[24]
Johnson K L, Kendall K, Roberts A D. Surface energy and contact of elastic solids. Proc Royal Soc A Math Phys Eng Sci 324(1558): 301–313 (1971)
Crossref Google Scholar
[25]
Johnson K L. Mechanics of adhesion. Tribol Int 31(8): 413–418 (1998)
Crossref Google Scholar
[26]
Myshkin N K, Petrokovets M I. Tribology: Principles and Applications. Gomel (Belarus): IMS NANB, 2002. (In Russian)
[27]
Popov V L. Contact Mechanics and Friction. Physical Principles and Applications. Heidelberg (Germany): Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.
Crossref
[28]
Goryacheva I G. Mechanics of frictional interaction. Moscow (Russian Federation): Nauka, 2001. (In Russian)
[29]
Krim J. Friction and energy dissipation mechanisms in adsorbed molecules and molecularly thin films. Adv Phys 61(3): 155–323 (2012)
Crossref Google Scholar
[30]
Tabor D. Friction as a dissipative process. In Fundamentals of Friction: Macroscopic and Microscopic Processes. Singer I L, Pollock H M., Ed. Dordrecht (the Netherlands): Springer, Dordrecht, 1992: 3–24.
Crossref
[31]
McClelland G M. Friction at weakly interacting interfaces. In Adhesion and Friction. Berlin, Heidelberg (Germany): Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989: 1–16.
Crossref
[32]
Sokoloff J B. Theory of energy dissipation in sliding crystal surfaces. Phys Rev B42(1) 760–765 (1990)
Crossref Google Scholar
[33]
McClelland G M, Glosli J N. 1992. Friction at the atomic scale. In Fundamentals of Friction: Macroscopic and Microscopic Processes. Singer I L, Pollock H M., Eds. Dordrecht (the Netherlands): Springer, Dordrecht, 1992: 405–425.
Crossref
[34]
Persson B N J. Sliding Friction: Physical Principals and Applications. Heidelberg, Dordrecht, London, New York: Springer, 1998.
Crossref
[35]
Kontorova T A, Frenkel Y I. On the theory of plastic deformation and twinning. Journal of theoretical and experimental physics. Part I 8(1): 89–95 (1938), Part II 8(12): 1340–1348 (1938), Part III 8(12): 1349–1358 (1938) (In Russian)
Google Scholar
[36]
Information on https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/zamm.19280080202.
Crossref
[37]
Derjaguin B V. Molecular theory of friction and sliding. Journal of physical chemistry, 5(9): 1165–1176 (1934) (In Russian)
Crossref Google Scholar
[38]
Derjaguin B V. What is friction? Moscow (Russian Federation): USSR Academy of science, 1963. (In Russian)
Crossref
[39]
Pashley M D, Pethica J B, Tabor D. Adhesion and micromechanical properties of metal surfaces. Wear 100(1–3): 7–31 (1984)
Crossref Google Scholar
[40]
Archard J F. Contact and rubbing of flat surfaces. J Appl Phys 24(8): 981–988 (1953)
Google Scholar
[41]
Archard J F, Hirst W. The wear of metals under unlubricated conditions. Proc R Soc Lond A 236: 397–410 (1956)
Crossref Google Scholar
[42]
Kragelsky I V. Friction and wear. Moscow (Russian Federation): Mashinostroenie, 1968. (In Russian)
[43]
Hardy W B, Hardy J K. II. Note on static friction and on the lubricating properties of certain chemical substances. Lond Edinb Dublin Philos Mag J Sci 38(223): 32–48 (1919)
Crossref Google Scholar
[44]
Markov D P. Modes of catastrophic wear: Galling, scoring, and seizure. J Frict Wear 19(3): 41–51 (1998).
Google Scholar
[45]
Markov D, Kelly D. Mechanisms of adhesion-initiated catastrophic wear: Pure sliding. Wear 239(2): 189–210 (2000)
Crossref Google Scholar
[46]
Markov D P. Tribology and Its Application in Railway Transport. Moscow (Russian Federation): Intext, 2007 (In Russian)
[47]
Antler M. Processes of metal transfer and wear. Wear 7(2): 181–203 (1964)
Crossref Google Scholar
[48]
Chen L H, Rigney D A. Transfer during unlubricated sliding wear of selected metal systems. Wear 105(1): 47–61 (1985)
Crossref Google Scholar
[49]
Gutman E M. On the thermodynamic definition of surface stress. J Phys: Condens Matter 7(48): L663–L667 (1995)
Crossref Google Scholar
[50]
Adam N K. The physics and chemistry of surfaces, 3rd edn. Oxford (UK): Oxoford University Press, 1938.
[51]
Zangwill A. Physics at Surfaces. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Crossref
[52]
Andreussi F, Gurtin M E. On the wrinkling of a free surface. J Appl Phys 48(9): 3798–3799 (1977)
Crossref Google Scholar
[53]
Marks L D, Heine V, Smith D J. Direct observation of elastic and plastic deformations at Au(111) surfaces. Phys Rev Lett 52(8): 656–658 (1984)
Crossref Google Scholar
[54]
Landau L D. On the equilibrium form of a crystal. In Proceedings dedicated to the 70th anniversary of Academician A. F. Ioffe, Moscow: USSR Academy of Sciences, 1950: 44–49. (In Russian)
Google Scholar
[55]
Bonzel H P. 3D equilibrium crystal shapes in the new light of STM and AFM. Phys Rep 385(1–2): 1–67 (2003)
Crossref Google Scholar
[56]
Buckley D H. Surface Effects in Adhesion, Friction, Wear, and Lubrication. Amsterdam (the Netherlands): Elsevier Science, 1981.
Crossref
[57]
Pauling L. The Nature of the Chemical Bond and the Structure of Molecules and Crystals: An Introduction in Modern Structural Chemistry. 3rd edn. Ithaca, New York (USA): Cornell University Press, 1960.
Crossref
[58]
Pankratov S., Panov V. Surfaces of solids. Nauka I Zhizn (Science and Life) 5: 34–41 (1986). (In Russian)
Google Scholar
[59]
Tamaru K. Ed. Interface Chemistry. Kanagawa (Japan): Iwanami Shoten Publ., 1980.
[60]
Belyĭ V A, Ludema K C, Myshkin N K. Tribology in the USA and the former Soviet Union: Studies and Applications. New York (USA): Allerton Press, 1994.
[61]
Williams J. Engineering Tribology. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press, 2005.
[62]
Bongaerts J H H, Fourtouni K, Stokes J R. Soft-tribology: Lubrication in a compliant PDMS-PDMS contact. Tribol Int 40(10–12): 1531–1542 (2007)
Crossref Google Scholar
[63]
Stribeck, R. Die wesentlichen eigenschaften der gleit- und rollenlager (The basic properties of sliding and rolling bearings), Zeitschrift des Vereins Deutscher Ingenieure, 36(46): 1341–1348, 1432–1438 and 1463–1470 (2002) (In German)
Google Scholar
[64]
Kelly D., Markov D. Electromonitoring of lubricated tribocouples with use of varied voltage. In Proceedings of the 2nd WTC, Vienna, Austria, 2001.
Google Scholar
[65]
Markov D P. Friction coefficient versus slip: Elastic or plastic creep? Friction and wear. 24(4): 391–395 (2003)
Google Scholar
[66]
Derjaguin B V. Mechanical properties of the boundary lubrication layer. Wear 128(1): 19–27 (1988)
Crossref Google Scholar
[67]
Carter F W. On the action of a locomotive driving wheel. Proc R Soc Lond A 112(760): 151–157 (1926)
Crossref Google Scholar
[68]
Bowden F P, Tabor D. Friction and Lubrication of Solids. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press, 1950.
[69]
Hsu S M, Gates R S. Boundary lubricating films: Formation and lubrication mechanism. Tribol Int 38(3): 305–312 (2005)
Crossref Google Scholar
[70]
Israelachvili J N. Adhesion and wetting phenomena. In Intermolecular and Surface Forces. Amsterdam (the Netherlands): Elsevier Inc., 2011: 415–467.
Crossref
[71]
Buyanovsky I. A., Fuchs I. G., Shabalina T. N. Boundary lubrication. Stages of Tribology Development. Moscow (Russian Federation): SUE publishing house "Oil and Gas", 2002. (In Russian)
[72]
Kalin M, Mora F G. Special Issue on Boundary Lubrication. Tribol Int 44(6): 669–756 (2011)
Crossref Google Scholar
[73]
Rudnick L R. Lubricant Additives: Chemistry and Applications. 2nd edn. Boca Raton (USA): CRC Press, 2009.
Crossref
[74]
Markov, D P Atomic-molecular mechanisms of material friction. Moscow (Russian Federation): RAS, 2019. (In Russian)
Friction
Volume 10 Issue 11,
November 2022
Pages 1859-1878
DOI: 10.1007/s40544-021-0564-7
Cite this article:
MARKOV DP. Adhesion at friction and wear. Friction, 2022, 10(11): 1859-1878. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-021-0564-7

856

Views

48

Downloads

10

Crossref

13

Web of Science

13

Scopus

0

CSCD

Altmetrics
Received: 30 July 2021
Revised: 29 August 2021
Accepted: 14 October 2021
Published: 12 April 2022
© The author(s) 2021.

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.

The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.

To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Return