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Research Article | Open Access

Tribological behaviour of Ti3C2Tx nano-sheets: Substrate-dependent tribo-chemical reactions

Alberto ROTA1,2,3( ), Nicolas BELLINA3, Bo WANG4, Andreas ROSENKRANZ5
Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
CNR-Istituto di Nanoscienze, Centro S3, Modena 41125, Italy
Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca Applicata e i Servizi nel settore della Meccanica Avanzata e della Motoristica, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena 41125, Italy
Key Laboratory of Marine New Materials and Related Technology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protection Technology, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Materials, University of Chile, Santiago 8370456, Chile
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An erratum to this article is available online at:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-023-0859-y

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

MXenes, a newly emerging class of layered two dimensional (2D) materials, are promising solid lubricants due to their 2D structure consisting of weakly-bonded layers with a low shear strength and ability to form beneficial tribo-layers. This work aims at evaluating for the first time MXenes lubrication performance and tribofilm formation ability on different metallic substrates (mirror-lapped Fe and Cu discs). After depositing MXenes via ethanol (1 wt%) on the substrates, pronounced differences in the resulting substrate-dependent frictional evolution are observed. While MXenes are capable to reduce friction for both substrates after the full evaporation of ethanol, MXenes lubricating effect on Cu is long-lasting, with a 35-fold increased lifetime compared to Fe. Raman spectra acquired in the wear-tracks of the substrates and counter-bodies reveal notable differences in the friction-induced chemical changes depending on the substrate material. In case of Fe, the progressive failure of MXenes lubrication generates different Fe oxides on both the substrate and the ball, resulting in continuously increasing friction and a poor lubrication effect. For Cu, sliding induces the formation of a Ti3C2-based tribofilm on both rubbing surfaces, enabling a long-lasting lubricating effect. This work boosts further experimental and theoretical work on MXenes involved tribo-chemical processes.

Keywords

MxenesTi3C2Txnano-sheetscoefficient of frictionRaman spectroscopytribochemistry

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Friction
Volume 11 Issue 8,
August 2023
Pages 1522-1533
DOI: 10.1007/s40544-022-0709-3
Cite this article:
ROTA A, BELLINA N, WANG B, et al. Tribological behaviour of Ti3C2Tx nano-sheets: Substrate-dependent tribo-chemical reactions. Friction, 2023, 11(8): 1522-1533. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-022-0709-3

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Received: 03 May 2022
Revised: 07 September 2022
Accepted: 14 October 2022
Published: 11 February 2023
© The author(s) 2022.

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