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Research Article | Open Access

Modeling and prediction of tribological properties of copper/aluminum-graphite self-lubricating composites using machine learning algorithms

Huifeng NING1( ), Faqiang CHEN1, Yunfeng SU2( ), Hongbin LI2,3, Hengzhong FAN2, Junjie SONG2, Yongsheng ZHANG2( ), Litian HU2
School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Abstract

The tribological properties of self-lubricating composites are influenced by many variables and complex mechanisms. Data-driven methods, including machine learning (ML) algorithms, can yield a better comprehensive understanding of complex problems under the influence of multiple parameters, typically for how tribological performances and material properties correlate. Correlation of friction coefficients and wear rates of copper/aluminum-graphite (Cu/Al-graphite) self-lubricating composites with their inherent material properties (composition, lubricant content, particle size, processing process, and interfacial bonding strength) and the variables related to the testing method (normal load, sliding speed, and sliding distance) were analyzed using traditional approaches, followed by modeling and prediction of tribological properties through five different ML algorithms, namely support vector machine (SVM), K-Nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF), eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and least-squares boosting (LSBoost), based on the tribology experimental data. Results demonstrated that ML models could satisfactorily predict friction coefficient and wear rate from the material properties and testing method variables data. Herein, the LSBoost model based on the integrated learning algorithm presented the best prediction performance for friction coefficients and wear rates, with R2 of 0.9219 and 0.9243, respectively. Feature importance analysis also revealed that the content of graphite and the hardness of the matrix have the greatest influence on the friction coefficients, and the normal load, the content of graphite, and the hardness of the matrix influence the wear rates the most.

Keywords

self-lubricating compositesmachine learning (ML)tribological propertiesprediction

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Friction
Volume 12 Issue 6,
June 2024
Pages 1322-1340
DOI: 10.1007/s40544-023-0847-2
Cite this article:
NING H, CHEN F, SU Y, et al. Modeling and prediction of tribological properties of copper/aluminum-graphite self-lubricating composites using machine learning algorithms. Friction, 2024, 12(6): 1322-1340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-023-0847-2

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Received: 21 August 2023
Revised: 06 November 2023
Accepted: 18 November 2023
Published: 02 April 2024
© The author(s) 2023.

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