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Research Article | Open Access

FilterGNN: Image feature matching with cascaded outlier filters and linear attention

Key Laboratory of Pervasive Computing, Ministry of Education, Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Wales CF24 4AG, UK
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Graphical Abstract

Abstract

The cross-view matching of local image features is a fundamental task in visual localization and 3D reconstruction. This study proposes FilterGNN, a transformer-based graph neural network (GNN), aiming to improve the matching efficiency and accuracy of visual descriptors. Based on high matching sparseness and coarse-to-fine covisible area detection, FilterGNN utilizes cascaded optimal graph-matching filter modules to dynamically reject outlier matches. Moreover, we successfully adapted linear attention in FilterGNN with post-instance normalization support, which significantly reduces the complexity of complete graph learning from O(N2) to O(N). Experiments show that FilterGNN requires only 6% of the time cost and 33.3% of the memory cost compared with SuperGlue under a large-scale input size and achieves a competitive performance in various tasks, such as pose estimation, visual localization, and sparse 3D reconstruction.

Keywords

image matchingtransformerlinear attentionvisual localizationsparse reconstruction

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Computational Visual Media
Volume 10 Issue 5,
October 2024
Pages 873-884
DOI: 10.1007/s41095-023-0363-3
Cite this article:
Cai J-X, Mu T-J, Lai Y-K. FilterGNN: Image feature matching with cascaded outlier filters and linear attention. Computational Visual Media, 2024, 10(5): 873-884. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-023-0363-3

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Received: 26 February 2023
Accepted: 23 June 2023
Published: 07 October 2024
© The Author(s) 2024.

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