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Research Article

Air traffic monitoring using optimized ADS-B CubeSat constellation

Interdisciplinary Centre for Security, Reliability and Trust (SnT), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg 1855, Luxembourg
Space Science Department, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney 2052, Australia
Physics Department, University of Central Punjab (UCP), Lahore 54782, Pakistan
Space Operations Division, Ecuadorian Space Agency (EXA), Guayaquil 090601, Ecuador
Space Research Institute (IWF), Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz 8042, Austria
Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT), KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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Abstract

The primary technique used for air traffic surveillance is radar. However, nowadays, its role in surveillance is gradually being replaced by the recently adopted Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B). ADS-B offers a higher accuracy, lower power consumption, and longer range than radar, thus providing more safety to aircraft. The coverage of terrestrial radar and ADS-B is confined to continental parts of the globe, leaving oceans and poles uncovered by real-time surveillance measures. This study presents an optimized Low-Earth Orbit (LEO)-based ADS-B constellation for global air traffic surveillance over intercontinental trans-oceanic flight routes. The optimization algorithm is based on performance evaluation parameters, i.e., coverage time, satellite availability, and orbit stability (precession and perigee rotation), and communication analysis. The results indicate that the constellation provides ample coverage in the simulated global oceanic regions. The constellation is a feasible and cost-effective solution for global air supervision, which can supplement terrestrial ADS-B and radar systems.

Keywords

constellationautomatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B)air trafficsurveillanceprecessionperigee rotation.

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Astrodynamics
Volume 8 Issue 1,
March 2024
Pages 189-208
DOI: 10.1007/s42064-023-0189-x
Cite this article:
Jaffer G, Malik RA, Aboutanios E, et al. Air traffic monitoring using optimized ADS-B CubeSat constellation. Astrodynamics, 2024, 8(1): 189-208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42064-023-0189-x
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