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Research Article

Multicomponent gas mixture parametric CFD study of condensation heat transfer in small modular reactor system safety

Palash Kumar Bhowmik1,2( ), Joshua Paul Schlegel1
Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science, Missouri University of Science and Technology, 1201 N. State St., Rolla, MO 65409, USA
Department of Irradiation Experiment Thermal Hydraulics Analysis, Idaho National Laboratory, 1955 Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA
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Abstract

Safety is always the primary concern for designing and analyzing nuclear reactor systems. The requirements for the safety margin for advanced small modular reactor (SMR) systems are targeted even higher than the conventional commercial large-scale nuclear reactors incorporating the passive and inherent safety systems. The SMR systems are designed with the condensation passive containment cooling system (PCCS), which plays a critical role in removing reactor heat during a steam release accident case. However, the presence of non-condensable gas (NCG), like air, reduces the heat transfer performance. This physics phenomenon becomes multifactorial for nuclear reactor containment during a fuel failure accident case that releases hydrogen gas. Besides, the mixture component of steam–air–hydrogen varies in reactor accident cases, which needs simulation and validation keeping parameters of importance. Reviews showed that previous studies for SMR’s PCCS did not cover the condensation heat transfer (CHT) in the presence of multicomponent NCG mixture parametric computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation and validation, making a research gap in the SMR design safety. A comprehensive CHT parametric CFD study was performed for SMR PCCS to fill this research gap. This study used experimental data as simulation 3D physics domain inlet and outlet boundary conditions. However, the wall boundary conditions were constant temperature, curve-fit, and annular coolant for verifying the turbulence models. Parametric simulations were performed, verified, and optimized for steam–NCG mixtures. The multicomponent gases, multiphase mixtures, and fluid film condensation models were applied with associated turbulence models. The results of the parametric study were evaluated for realistic reactor conditions. Results showed that parametric study provided critical insight about the dependency of multicomponent gas mixture parameters that supports reactor safety design, analysis, and licensing.

Keywords

small modular reactor (SMR)passive safetycondensation heat transfer (CHT)multicomponent gasmixturecomputational fluid dynamics (CFD)parametric study

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Experimental and Computational Multiphase Flow
Volume 5 Issue 1,
March 2023
Pages 15-28
DOI: 10.1007/s42757-022-0136-8
Cite this article:
Bhowmik PK, Paul Schlegel J. Multicomponent gas mixture parametric CFD study of condensation heat transfer in small modular reactor system safety. Experimental and Computational Multiphase Flow, 2023, 5(1): 15-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42757-022-0136-8

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Received: 14 September 2021
Revised: 16 March 2022
Accepted: 17 March 2022
Published: 04 May 2022
© Tsinghua University Press 2022
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