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Review Article

Targeted Application of Motor Learning Theory to Leverage Youth Neuroplasticity for Enhanced Injury-Resistance and Exercise Performance: OPTIMAL PREP

Jed A. Diekfuss1 ( ), Dustin R. Grooms2,3,4, Jennifer A. Hogg5, Harjiv Singh6, Alexis B. Slutsky-Ganesh7, Scott Bonnette1, Christopher Riehm1, Manish Anand1, Katharine S. Nissen1, Gary B. Wilkerson2, Gregory D. Myer1,8,9
The SPORT Center, Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 10001, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
Division of Athletic Training, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
Division of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation and Communication Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
Deparatment of Health and Human Performance, The University of Tennessee Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN, USA
Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
Department of Kinesiology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
Departments of Pediatrics and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, MA, USA
Show Author Information

Abstract

Youth athletes are ideal candidates for novel therapeutic motor learning interventions that leverage the plasticity of the central nervous system to promote desirable biomechanical adaptions. We summarize the empirical data supporting the three pillars of the Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention for Learning (OPTIMAL) theory of motor learning and expand on potential neurophysiologic mechanisms that will support enhanced movement mechanics in youth to optimize prevention programs for reduced injury risk, injury rehabilitation, exercise performance, and play (Prevention Rehabilitation Exercise Play; PREP). Specifically, we highlight the role of motivational factors to promote the release of dopamine that could accelerate motor performance and learning adaptations. Further, we detail the potential for an external focus of attention to shift attentional allocation and increase brain activity in regions important for sensorimotor integration to facilitate primary motor cortex efficiency. This manuscript serves to provide the most current data in support of the application of OPTIMAL PREP training strategies of the future.

Keywords

DopamineExercise performanceMusculoskeletalMotor behavior

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise
Volume 3 Issue 1,
February 2021
Pages 17-36
DOI: 10.1007/s42978-020-00085-y
Cite this article:
Diekfuss JA, Grooms DR, Hogg JA, et al. Targeted Application of Motor Learning Theory to Leverage Youth Neuroplasticity for Enhanced Injury-Resistance and Exercise Performance: OPTIMAL PREP. Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise, 2021, 3(1): 17-36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42978-020-00085-y

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Received: 20 May 2020
Accepted: 03 September 2020
Published: 29 January 2021
© Beijing Sport University 2021
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