AI Chat Paper
Note: Please note that the following content is generated by AMiner AI. SciOpen does not take any responsibility related to this content.
{{lang === 'zh_CN' ? '文章概述' : 'Summary'}}
{{lang === 'en_US' ? '中' : 'Eng'}}
Chat more with AI
Powered by AMiner. Clicking this button will take you away from SciOpen.
Home Avian Research Article
PDF (762.3 KB)
Cite
EndNote(RIS) BibTeX
Collect
Submit Manuscript AI Chat Paper
Show Outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Research Article | Open Access

Factors affecting post-release survival and dispersal of reintroduced Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) in Tongchuan City, China

Min Lia, Yilamujiang Tuohetahonga, Feng Lina, Rong Dongb, Huaqiang Wangc, Xiaoman Wuc, Xinping Yea,d,e( ), Xiaoping Yua,d,e( )
College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
Shaanxi Giant Panda Research Center, Xi'an, 710082, China
Yaozhou District Wildlife Protection and Management Station, Tongchuan City, 727100, China
Research Center for UAV Remote Sensing, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
Changqing Teaching & Research Base of Ecology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
Show Author Information

Abstract

Reintroduction has become a common conservation management tool to restore endangered species in their historical range. However, many attempts have failed to establish self-sustaining populations in the wild. The success of reintroductions could be improved by varying release strategies. Therefore, it is vital to determine the factors influencing reintroduction outcomes. To better understand the post-release settlement and to optimize the release strategy of the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon), we quantified the effects of age, sex, acclimation duration, and the timing of release events on post-release survival and dispersal distance for the released Crested Ibis in Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province, using a generalized linear mixed effect modeling approach. Our results indicate that 40–56.3% of the released individuals survived the first year following release. Mortality was attributable to flight collisions, starvation, disease, and unknown reasons. The post-release survival probability of ibises showed a negative association with age (estimate ​= ​−0.186; 95% CI: −0.350 to −0.022; P ​= ​0.026), and post-release dispersal distance was affected by the timing of release event (estimate ​= ​0.718; 95% CI: 0.025 to 1.253; P ​= ​0.042). However, sex and acclimation period duration did not cause detectable differences in post-release survival probability and dispersal distance. Based on our results, optimal release strategies for establishing a reintroduced population of the Crested Ibis include: (1) release of sub-adults biased and sex ratio balanced initial groups; (2) release during the non-breeding season; and (3) food supplementation immediately after release.

Keywords

ReintroductionCrested IbisPost-release dispersalRelease strategySurvival probability

References

 

Aaltonen, K., Bryant, A.A., Hostetler, J.A., Oli, M.K., 2009. Reintroducing endangered Vancouver Island marmots: survival and cause-specific mortality rates of captive-born versus wild-born individuals. Biol. Conserv. 142, 2181-2190.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Armstrong, D.P., Castro, I., Alley, J.C., Feenstra, B., Perrott, J.K., 1999. Mortality and behaviour of hihi, an endangered New Zealand honeyeater, in the establishment phase following translocation. Biol. Conserv. 89, 329-339.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Armstrong, D.P., Seddon, P.J., 2008. Directions in reintroduction biology. Trends Ecol. Evol. 23, 20-25.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Bannister, H.L., Brandle, R., Delean, S., Paton, D.C., Moseby, K.E., 2020. Supportive release techniques provide no reintroduction benefit when efficacy and uptake is low. Oryx 54, 206-214.
Crossref Google Scholar
 
Bao, H.W.S., 2020. bruceR: broadly useful collections and extensions of R functions. R package version 0.4.5. https://github.com/psychbruce/b.
 

Batson, W.G., Gordon, I.J., Fletcher, D.B., 2015. Translocation tactics: a framework to support the IUCN guidelines for wildlife translocations and improve the quality of applied methods. J. Appl. Ecol. 52, 1598-1607.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Batson, W.G., Gordon, I.J., Fletcher, D.B., Portas, T.J., Manning, A.D., 2017. The effect of pre-release captivity on the stress physiology of a reintroduced population of wild eastern bettongs. J. Zool. 303, 311-319.
Crossref Google Scholar
 
Bate, D.M., Maechler, M., Bolker, B., Walker, S., Christensen, R.H.B., Singmann, H., et al., 2016. lme4: linear mixed effects models using 'Eigen' and S4. http://lm4.r-forge.r-project.org.
 

Berger-Tal, O., Blumstein, D.T., Swaisgood, R.R., 2020. Conservation translocations: a review of common difficulties and promising directions. Anim. Conserv. 23, 121-131.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Bradshaw, C.J., Harcourt, R.G., Lloyd, S.D., 2003. Male-biased sex ratios in New Zealand fur seal pups relative to environmental variation. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 53, 297-307.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Brown, C., Day, R.L., 2002. The future of stock enhancements: lessons for hatchery practice from conservation biology. Fish Fish. 3, 79-94.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Bertolero, A., Oro, D., Besnard, A., 2007. Assessing the efficacy of reintroduction programs by modelling adult survival: the example of Hermann's tortoise. Anim. Conserv. 10, 360-368.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Breslow, N.E., Clayton, D.G., 1993. Approximate inference in generalized linear mixed models. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 88, 9-25.
Google Scholar
 

Bright, P.W., Morris, P.A., 1994. Animal translocation for conservation: performance of dormice in relation to release methods, origin and season. J. Appl. Ecol. 31, 699-708.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Bubac, C.M., Johnson, A.C., Fox, J.A., Cullingham, C.I., 2019. Conservation translocations and post-release monitoring: identifying trends in failures, biases, and challenges from around the world. Biol. Conserv. 238, 108239.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Calenge, C., Maillard, D., Invemia, N., Gaudin, J.C., 2005. Reintroduction of roe deer Capreolus capreolus into a Mediterranean habitat: female mortality and dispersion. Wildlife Biol. 11, 153-161.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Chauvenet, A.L.M., Ewen, J.G., Armstrong, D.P., Coulson, T., Blackburn, T.M., Adams, L., et al., 2012. Does supplemental feeding affect the viability of translocated populations? The example of the hihi. Anim. Conserv. 15, 337-350.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Cid, B., Figueira, L., de T. e Mello, A.F., Pires, A.S., Fernandez, F.A., 2014. Short-term success in the reintroduction of the red-humped agouti Dasyprocta leporina, an important seed disperser, in a Brazilian Atlantic Forest reserve. Trop. Conserv. Sci. 7, 796-810.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Ding, C., 2004. Research on the Crested Ibis. Shanghai Scientific and Technological Education Publishing House, Shanghai.
 

Dickens, M.J., Delehanty, D.J., Romero, L.M., 2010. Stress: an inevitable component of animal translocation. Biol. Conserv. 143, 1329-1341.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Dong, R., Ye, X., Zhong, L., Li, X., Li, M., Wang, H., et al., 2018. Effects of breeding success, age and sex on breeding dispersal of a reintroduced population of the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) in Ningshan County, China. Avian Res. 9, 40.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Fischer, J., Lindenmayer, D.B., 2000. An assessment of the published results of animal relocations. Biol. Conserv. 96, 1-11.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Gowaty, P.A., 1993. Differential dispersal, local resource competition, and sex ratio variation in birds. Am. Nat. 141, 263-280.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Green, R.E., Pienkowski, M.W., Love, J.A., 1996. Long-term viability of the re-introduced population of the white-tailed eagle Haliæetus albicilla in Scotland. J. Appl. Ecol. 33, 357-368.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Griffith, B., Scott, J.M., Carpenter, J.W., Reed, C., 1989. Translocation as a species conservation tool-status and strategy. Science 245, 477-480.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Huang, Z., Wang, K., Cai, D., Zhu, W., Pan, X., Liu, D., 2016. Acclimation of captive Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) before reintroduction in Dongzhai of Henan Province. Chinese J. Ecol. 35, 3017-3022.
Google Scholar
 

Hughes, C.L., Hill, J.K., Dytham, C., 2003. Evolutionary trade-offs between reproduction and dispersal in populations at expanding range boundaries. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 270, S147-S150.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Huo, Z., Guo, J., Li, X., Yu, X., 2014. Post-fledging dispersal and habitat use of a reintroduced population of the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon). Avian Res. 5, 7.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Imlay, T.I., Crowley, J.F., Argue, A.M., Steiner, J.C., Norris, D.R., Stutchbury, B.J.M., 2010. Survival, dispersal and early migration movements of captive-bred juvenile eastern loggerhead shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus migrans). Biol. Conserv. 143, 2578-2582.
Crossref Google Scholar
 
IUCN, 2021. The IUCN red list of threatened species.. Version 2021-3. https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed 9 January 2022).
 

Joseph, M.B., Knapp, R.A., 2018. Disease and climate effects on individuals drive post-reintroduction population dynamics of an endangered amphibian. Ecosphere 9, e02499.
Google Scholar
 

Jule, K.R., Leaver, L.A., Lea, S.E., 2008. The effects of captive experience on reintroduction survival in carnivores: a review and analysis. Biol. Conserv. 141, 355-363.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Kapota, D., Dolev, A., Bino, G., Yosha, D., Guter, A., King, R., et al., 2016. Determinants of emigration and their impact on survival during dispersal in fox and jackal populations. Sci. Rep. 6, 1-9.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Kendrick, G.A., Orth, R.J., Statton, J., Hovey, R., Ruiz Montoya, L., Lowe, R.J., et al., 2017. Demographic and genetic connectivity: the role and consequences of reproduction, dispersal and recruitment in seagrasses. Biol. Rev. 92, 921-938.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Knox, C.D., Monks, J.M., 2014. Penning prior to release decreases post-translocation dispersal of jewelled geckos. Anim. Conserv. 17, 18-26.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Larkin, J.L., Cox, J.J., Wichrowski, M.W., Dzialak, M.R., Maehr, D.S., 2004. Influences on release-site fidelity of translocated elk. Restor. Ecol. 12, 97-105.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Le Gouar, P.L., Robert, A., Choisy, J.P., Henriquet, S., Lecuyer, P., Tessier, C., et al., 2008. Roles of survival and dispersal in reintroduction success of Griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus). Ecol. Appl. 18, 859-872.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Li, Y., Ye, X., Wang, M., Li, X., Dong, R., Huo, Z., et al., 2018. Survival rates of a reintroduced population of the Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon in Ningshan County (Shaanxi, China). Bird Conserv. Int. 28, 145-156.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Li, M., Ye, X., Dong, R., Zhang, X., Zhang, H., Yu, X., 2020. Survival rates and reproductive ecology of a reintroduced population of the Asian Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) in Shaanxi Qianhu National Wetland Park, China. Bird Conserv. Int. 31, 410-419.
Google Scholar
 

Li, X., Huo, Z., Yu, X., 2013. Mortality and cause of death of the Crested Ibis of a reintroduced population in Ningshan, Shaanxi. Chinese J. Zool. 48, 701-706.
Google Scholar
 

Liu, Y., 1981. The re-discovery of the Crested Ibis in Qinling Mountain. Acta Zool. Sinica. 27, 273.
Google Scholar
 

Liu, B., Li, L., Lloyd, H., Xia, C., Zhang, Y., Zheng, G., 2016. Comparing post-release survival and habitat use by captive-bred Cabot's Tragopan (Tragopan caboti) in an experimental test of soft-release reintroduction strategies. Avian Res. 7, 19.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Masuda, B.M., Jamieson, I.G., 2012. Age-specific differences in settlement rates of saddlebacks (Philesturnus carunculatus) reintroduced to a fenced mainland sanctuary. New. Zeal. J. Ecol. 36, 123-130.
Google Scholar
 

Miller, B., Ralls, K., Reading, R.P., Scott, J.M., Estes, J., 1999. Biological and technical considerations of carnivore translocation: a review. Anim. Conserv. Forum 2, 59-68.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Millsap, B.A., Kennedy, P.L., Byrd, M.A., Court, G., Enderson, J.H., Rosenfield, R.N., 1998. Review of the proposal to de-list the American peregrine falcon. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 26, 522-538.
Google Scholar
 

Mitchell, A.M., Wellicome, T.I., Brodie, D., Cheng, K.M., 2011. Captive-reared burrowing owls show higher site-affinity, survival, and reproductive performance when reintroduced using a soft-release. Biol. Conserv. 144, 1382-1391.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Moorhouse, T.P., Gelling, M., Macdonald, D.W., 2009. Effects of habitat quality upon reintroduction success in water voles: evidence from a replicated experiment. Biol. Conserv. 142, 53-60.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Nagata, H., Yamagishi, S., 2016. Which factors affect post-release settlement of Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon on Sado Island, Japan? Ornithol. Sci. 15, 181-189.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Nelson, N.J., Keall, S.N., Brown, D., Daugherty, C.H., 2002. Establishing a new wild population of tuatara (Sphenodon guntheri). Conserv. Biol. 16, 887-894.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Pinter-Wollman, N., Isbell, L.A., Hart, L.A., 2009. Assessing translocation outcome: comparing behavioral and physiological aspects of translocated and resident African elephants (Loxodonta africana). Biol. Conserv. 142, 1116-1124.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Qiu, G., Fu, C., Zhang, R., Wan, Q., Fang, S., 2020. Behavioral differences between captive and reintroduced populations of Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon). Chinese J. Wildl. 41, 376-386.
Google Scholar
 
R Core Team, 2021. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Http://www.R-project.org.
 

Reading, R.P., Miller, B., Shepherdson, D., 2013. The value of enrichment to reintroduction success. Zoo Biol. 32, 332-341.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Richardson, K., Castro, I., Brunton, D., Armstrong, D.P., 2015. Not so soft? Delayed release reduces long-term survival in a passerine reintroduction. Oryx 49, 535-541.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Roe, J.H., Frank, M.R., Gibson, S.E., Attum, O., Kingsbury, B.A., 2010. No place like home: an experimental comparison of reintroduction strategies using snakes. J. Appl. Ecol. 47, 1253-1261.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Sarrazin, F., Legendre, S., 2000. Demographic approach to releasing adults versus young in reintroductions. Conserv. Biol. 14, 488-500.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Seddon, P.J., Soorae, P.S., Launay, F., 2005. Taxonomic bias in reintroduction projects. Anim. Conserv. 8, 51-58.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Seddon, P.J., Armstrong, D.P., Maloney, R.F., 2007. Developing the science of reintroduction biology. Conserv. Biol. 21, 303-312.
Crossref Google Scholar
 
Seddon, P.J., Strauss, W.M., Innes, J., 2012. Animal translocations: what are they and why do we do them. In: Ewem, J.G., Armstrong, D.P., Parker, K.A. (Eds.), Reintroduction Biology: Integrating Science and Management. Wiley-Blackwell, West Sussex, UK, pp. 1–24.
 

Sheean, V., Manning, A.D., Lindenmayer, D.B., 2012. An assessment of scientific approaches towards species relocations in Australia. Austral. Ecol. 37, 204-215.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Shi, D., Cao, Y., 2001. The Chinese Crested Ibis. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing.
 
Shier, D.M., 2016. Manipulating animal behavior to ensure reintroduction success. In: Berger-Tal, O., Saltz, D. (Eds.), Conservation Behavior: Applying Behavioral Ecology to Wildlife Conservation and Management. Cambridge University Press, UK, pp. 275–304.
 

Sokos, C.K., Birtsas, P.K., Tsachalidis, E.P., 2008. The aims of galliforms release and choice of techniques. Wildlife Biol. 14, 412-422.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Tavecchia, G., Viedma, C., Martinez-Abrain, A., Bartolome, M.A., Gomez, J.A., Oro, D., 2009. Maximizing re-introduction success: assessing the immediate cost of release in a threatened waterfowl. Biol. Conserv. 142, 3005-3012.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Taylor, G., Canessa, S., Clarke, R.H., Ingwersen, D., Armstrong, D.P., Seddon, P.J., et al., 2017. Is reintroduction biology an effective applied science? Trends Ecol. Evol. 32, 873-880.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Tenhumberg, B., Tyre, A.J., Shea, K., Possingham, H.P., 2004. Linking wild and captive populations to maximize species persistence: optimal translocation strategies. Conserv. Biol. 18, 1304-1314.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Thompson, J.R., Bleich, V.C., Torres, S.G., Mulcahy, G.P., 2001. Translocation techniques for mountain sheep: does the method matter? Southwest. Nat. 46, 87-93.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Tuberville, T.D., Clark, E.E., Buhlmann, K.A., Gibbons, J.W., 2005. Translocation as a conservation tool: site fidelity and movement of repatriated gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus). Anim. Conserv. 8, 349-358.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Tweed, E.J., Foster, J.T., Woodworth, B.L., Oesterle, P., Kuehler, C., Lieberman, A.A., et al., 2003. Survival, dispersal, and home-range establishment of reintroduced captive-bred puaiohi, Myadestes palmeri. Biol. Conserv. 111, 1-9.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Viggers, K.L., Lindenmayer, D.B., Spratt, D.M., 1993. The importance of disease in reintroduction programmes. Wildlife Res. 20, 687-698.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Wanless, R.M., Cunningham, J., Hockey, P.A., Wanless, J., White, R.W., Wiseman, R., 2002. The success of a soft-release reintroduction of the flightless Aldabra rail (Dryolimnas [cuvieri] aldabranus) on Aldabra Atoll, Seychelles. Biol. Conserv. 107, 203-210.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Wang, F., Li, M., Zhang, Y., Zhao, W., Liu, D., Zhang, Y., et al., 2021. Post-release dispersal and breeding site suitability of reintroduced populations of the Crested Ibis in Shaanxi Province, China. Restor. Ecol. 29, e13383. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13383.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Wang, H., 2016. Reproduction of reintroduced Nipponia nippon in Tongchuan, Shaanxi Province. Sichuan J. Zool. 35, 471-474.
Google Scholar
 

Wang, M., Ye, X., Li, Y., Yu, X., 2017. On the sustainability of a reintroduced Crested Ibis population in Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi, Central China. Restor. Ecol. 25, 261-268.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Wolf, C.M., Griffith, B., Reed, C., Temple, S.A., 1996. Avian and mammalian translocations: update and reanalysis of 1987 survey data. Conserv. Biol. 10, 1142-1154.
Crossref Google Scholar
 
Yasuda, K., 1983. Distribution of Crested Ibis as Found in Literature. Newton Books: Nipponia nippon, Tokyo.
 
Yonhap News Agency, 2021. Forty captive-bred Crested Ibises were released in South Korea. https://cn.yna.co.kr/view/ACK20211014000400881.
 

Yu, X., Chang, X., Li, X., Chen, W., Shi, L., 2009. Return of the Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon: a reintroduction programme in Shaanxi Province, China. Birding ASIA 11, 80-82.
Google Scholar
 

Yu, X., Xi, Y., Lu, B., Li, X., Gong, M., Shi, L., et al., 2010. Post-fledging and natal dispersal of Crested Ibis in the Qinling mountains, China. Wilson J. Ornithol. 122, 228-235.
Crossref Google Scholar
 

Yu, X., Li, X., Huo, Z., 2015. Breeding ecology and success of a reintroduced population of the endangered Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon. Bird Conserv. Int. 25, 207-219.
Crossref Google Scholar
 
Zhang, Y., Lu, B., Zhai, T., Xi, Y., Wang, Y., 2000. Analysis on the death reason and conservation measures of Crested Ibis. In: Proceedings of International Workshop on the Crested Ibis Conservation’99. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, pp. 117–122.
 

Zhang, Y., Wang, F., Cui, Z., Li, M., Li, X., Ye, X., et al., 2021. Can we reestablish a self-sustaining population? A case study on reintroduced Crested Ibis with population viability analysis. Avian Res. 12, 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40657-021-00250-z.
Crossref Google Scholar
Avian Research
Volume 13 Issue 3,
September 2022
Article number: 100054
DOI: 10.1016/j.avrs.2022.100054
Cite this article:
Li M, Tuohetahong Y, Lin F, et al. Factors affecting post-release survival and dispersal of reintroduced Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) in Tongchuan City, China. Avian Research, 2022, 13(3): 100054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avrs.2022.100054

554

Views

16

Downloads

1

Crossref

2

Web of Science

2

Scopus

0

CSCD

Altmetrics
Received: 25 February 2022
Revised: 05 July 2022
Accepted: 14 July 2022
Published: 02 August 2022
© 2022 The Authors.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Return