AI Chat Paper
Note: Please note that the following content is generated by AMiner AI. SciOpen does not take any responsibility related to this content.
{{lang === 'zh_CN' ? '文章概述' : 'Summary'}}
{{lang === 'en_US' ? '中' : 'Eng'}}
Chat more with AI
Article Link
Collect
Submit Manuscript
Show Outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Outline
Show full outline
Hide outline
Original Research | Open Access

Reveal dynamic flows of regional e-waste: Evidence from a field research

Chonggang Yanga,bBingyu Xua,bZhikun Zhua,bYan Hea,bYujia Wanga,bHe XuaMo Zhanga,b( )
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
Research Center for Resource, Energy and Environmental Policy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
Show Author Information

Abstract

Electronic waste (e-waste) has increased because of the rapid replacement of electrical and electronic equipment. Owing to the increased emphasis on the dual properties of environmental contamination and metal resources, accurate identification of the e-waste recycling process is crucial. In this study, a product-level material flow analysis (MFA) is performed from a macroscopic social flow of waste TV sets in order to demonstrate the material metabolism of regional e-waste recycling. Previous studies have focused on the estimation of the quantity of e-waste generated or analyzing the overall amount of recycled resource output, the results derived from the estimation may have some unreliability, and our bottom-up research investigates the material flows that occur between the generation, collection and recycling of e-waste. MFA based on questionnaires and field research present accurate quantities and proportions of the recycling process. The results reveal that accelerating the construction of regional e-waste recycling systems and data networks and accurately identifying e-waste source, flow, and destination are required in order to improve resource efficiency toward carbon neutrality.

Electronic Supplementary Material

Download File(s)
cec-3-2-100086_ESM.docx (26.9 KB)

References

 

Althaf, S., Babbitt, C. W., & Chen, R. (2019). Forecasting electronic waste flows for effective circular economy planning. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 151, Article 104362.

 

Althaf, S., Babbitt, C. W., & Chen, R. (2021). The evolution of consumer electronic waste in the United States. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 25, 693–706.

 

Amicarelli, V., & Bux, C. (2022). Quantifying textile streams and recycling prospects in Europe by material flow analysis. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 97, Article 106878.

 

Bass, F. M. (2004). A new product growth for model consumer durables. Management Science, 50, 1825–1832.

 

Brunner, P. H., & Rechberger, H. (2004). Practical handbook of material flow analysis. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 9, 337–338.

 

Chen, C. (2021). Construction of electronic waste recovery and utilization system from the perspective of circular economy. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 632, Article 052014.

 

Clarke, C., Williams, I. D., & Turner, D. A. (2019). Evaluating the carbon footprint of WEEE management in the UK. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 141, 465–473.

 

Espinoza, V. S., Erbis, S., Pourzahedi, L., Eckelman, M. J., & Isaacs, J. A. (2014). Material flow analysis of carbon nanotube lithium-ion batteries used in portable computers. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2, 1642–1648.

 
Forti, V., Baldé, C., Kuehr, R., & Bel, G. (2020). The global e-waste monitor 2020eQuantities, flows, and the circular economy potential. Bonn/Geneva/Rotterdam: United Nations University (UNU)/UnitedNations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) – co-hosted SCYCLE Programme, International Tele-communication Union (ITU) & International Solid Waste Association (ISWA).
 

Gao, Z., Geng, Y., Zeng, X., Tian, X., Yao, T., Song, X., & Su, C. (2022). Evolution of the anthropogenic chromium cycle in China. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 26, 592–608.

 

Graedel, T. E. (2019). Material flow analysis from origin to evolution. Environmental Science & Technology, 53, 12188–12196.

 

Guo, D., Hou, H., Long, J., Guo, X., & Xu, H. (2022). Underestimated environmental benefits of tailings resource utilization: Evidence from a life cycle perspective. Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 96, Article 106832.

 

Höhne, J. K., Krebs, D., & Kühnel, S. M. (2021). Measurement properties of completely and end labeled unipolar and bipolar scales in Likert-type questions on income (in)equality. Social Science Research, 97, Article 102544.

 

Hao, M., Wang, P., Song, L., Dai, M., Ren, Y., & Chen, W. Q. (2020). Spatial distribution of copper in-use stocks and flows in China: 1978–2016. Journal of Cleaner Production, 261, Article 121260.

 

He, P., Feng, H., Hu, G., Hewage, K., Achari, G., Wang, C., & Sadiq, R. (2020). Life cycle cost analysis for recycling high-tech minerals from waste mobile phones in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 251, Article 119498.

 

Huang, H., Tong, X., Cai, Y., & Tian, H. (2020). Gap between discarding and recycling: Estimate lifespan of electronic products by survey in formal recycling plants in China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 156, Article 104700.

 

Islam, M. T., & Huda, N. (2019). Material flow analysis (MFA) as a strategic tool in E-waste management: Applications, trends and future directions. Journal of Environmental Management, 244, 344–361.

 
Jang, E., Kim, K. R., Kim, K. H., & Hur, T. (2012). Material flow analysis and human risk assessment of mercury. In M. Matsumoto, Y. Umeda, K. Masui, & S. Fukushige (Eds.), Design for innovative value towards a sustainable society. Dordrecht: Springer.
 

Jeong, K. P., & Kim, J. G. (2018). Lead acid battery recycling and material flow analysis of lead in Korea. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 20, 1348–1354.

 

Kasulaitis, B., Babbitt, C. W., & Tyler, A. C. (2021). The role of consumer preferences in reducing material intensity of electronic products. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 25, 435–447.

 

Kovanda, J. (2021). Economy-wide material system analysis: Mapping material flows through the economy. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 25, 1121–1135.

 

Kuong, I. H., Li, J., Zhang, J., & Zeng, X. (2019). Estimating the evolution of urban mining resources in Hong Kong, up to the year 2050. Environmental Science & Technology, 53, 1394–1403.

 

Lase, I. S., Ragaert, K., Dewulf, J., & De Meester, S. (2021). Multivariate input-output and material flow analysis of current and future plastic recycling rates from waste electrical and electronic equipment: The case of small household appliances. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 174, Article 105772.

 

Lecler, M. T., Zimmermann, F., Silvente, E., Clerc, F., Chollot, A., & Grosjean, J. (2015). Exposure to hazardous substances in Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) recycling sites in France. Waste Management, 39, 226–235.

 

Li, Q., Dai, T., Wang, G., Cheng, J., Zhong, W., Wen, B., & Liang, L. (2018). Iron material flow analysis for production, consumption, and trade in China from 2010 to 2015. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 1807–1813.

 

Liu, K., Tan, Q., Yu, J., & Wang, M. (2023). A global perspective on e-waste recycling. Circular Economy, 2, Article 100028.

 

McNulty, B. A., & Jowitt, S. M. (2022). Byproduct critical metal supply and demand and implications for the energy transition: A case study of tellurium supply and CdTe PV demand. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 168, Article 112838.

 

Miao, Y., Liu, L., Zhang, Y., Tan, Q., & Li, J. (2022). An overview of global power lithium-ion batteries and associated critical metal recycling. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 425, Article 127900.

 

Nakajima, K., Osuga, H., Yokoyama, K., & Nagasaka, T. (2007). Material flow analysis of aluminum dross and environmental assessment for its recycling process. Materials Transactions, 48, 2219–2224.

 
National Bureau of Statistics of China. (2019). China statistical year book 2019. Available at: https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/ndsj/2019/indexch.htm.
 
National Development and Reform Commission. (2021). The 14th Five-year plan for circular economy development. Available at: https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2021-07/07/content_5623077.htm (in Chinese).
 

Oguchi, M., Sakanakura, H., & Terazono, A. (2013). Toxic metals in WEEE: Characterization and substance flow analysis in waste treatment processes. Science of the Total Environment, 463464, 1124–1132.

 

Ogunseitan, O. A. (2022). Bending the curve of the electronics revolution toward a circular economy of e-waste. One Earth, 5, 1189–1193.

 

Qi, Y., Gong, R., Zeng, X., & Wang, J. (2022). Examining the temporal and spatial models of China's circular economy based upon detailed data of E-plastic recycling. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19, 2807.

 

Rene, E. R., Sethurajan, M., Kumar Ponnusamy, V., Kumar, G., Bao Dung, T. N., Brindhadevi, K., & Pugazhendhi, A. (2021). Electronic waste generation, recycling and resource recovery: Technological perspectives and trends. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 416, Article 125664.

 

Singh, N., & Ogunseitan, O. A. (2022). Disentangling the worldwide web of e-waste and climate change co-benefits. Circular Economy, 1, Article 100011.

 

Singh, N., Tang, Y., & Li, J. (2019). Uncovering material flow analysis of waste cathode ray tubes television in China. Waste Management & Research, 37, 1170–1177.

 

Song, L., Wang, P., Hao, M., Dai, M., Xiang, K., Li, N., & Chen, W. Q. (2020). Mapping provincial steel stocks and flows in China: 1978–2050. Journal of Cleaner Production, 262, Article 121393.

 

Sun, B., Schnoor, J. L., & Zeng, E. Y. (2022). Decadal journey of E-waste recycling: What has it achieved? Environmental Science & Technology, 56, 12785–12792.

 

Swain, B., Kang, L., Mishra, C., Ahn, J., & Hong, H. S. (2015). Materials flow analysis of neodymium, status of rare earth metal in the Republic of Korea. Waste Management, 45, 351–360.

 

Thiébaud, E., Hilty, L. M., Schluep, M., & Faulstich, M. (2017). Use, storage, and disposal of electronic equipment in Switzerland. Environmental Science & Technology, 51, 4494–4502.

 
Tianjin Ecology and Environment Bureau. (2021a). Tianjin solid waste pollution prevention notice 2020. Available at: https://sthj.tj.gov.cn/YWGZ7406/HJGL7886/GTFWGL6110/202106/t20210603_5469785.html (in Chinese).
 
Tianjin Ecology and Environment Bureau. (2021b). Development plan for the treatment of waste electrical and electronic equipment in Tianjin (2021–2025). Available at: https://sthj.tj.gov.cn/YWGZ7406/HJGL7886/GTFWGL6110/202110/t20211009_5623523.html (in Chinese).
 
Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Statistics. (2020). Tianjin fourth national economic census bulletin, (3). Available at: https://stats.tj.gov.cn/tjsj_52032/tjgb/202007/t20200705_2780591.html (in Chinese).
 

Tong, X., Wang, T., Chen, Y., & Wang, Y. (2018). Towards an inclusive circular economy: Quantifying the spatial flows of e-waste through the informal sector in China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 135, 163–171.

 

Wang, J., Li, W., Mishima, N., & Adachi, T. (2022). Exploring the optimal reverse supply chain for e-waste treatment under Chinese government subsidy. Waste Management, 137, 128–138.

 

Wang, J., Wang, Y., liu, J., Zhang, S., & Zhang, M. (2018). Effects of fund policy incorporating Extended Producer Responsibility for WEEE dismantling industry in China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 130, 44–50.

 
Wang, M., You, X., & Li, X. (2018). Assessing the recycling efficiency of resource in e-waste based on MFA of reverse logistics system. In J. Xu, M. Gen, A. Hajiyev, & F. Cooke (Eds.), Proceedings of the eleventh international conference on management science and engineering management. Lecture notes on multidisciplinary industrial engineering. Cham: Springer.
 

Yao, T., Geng, Y., Sarkis, J., Xiao, S., & Gao, Z. (2021). Dynamic neodymium stocks and flows analysis in China. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 174, Article 105752.

 

Zeng, X., Ali, S. H., & Li, J. (2021). Estimation of waste outflows for multiple product types in China from 2010–2050. Scientific Data, 8, 15.

 

Zeng, X., Gong, R., Chen, W. Q., & Li, J. (2016). Uncovering the recycling potential of “new” WEEE in China. Environmental Science & Technology, 50, 1347–1358.

 

Zheng, X., Wu, X., Zheng, Q., Mai, B. X., & Qiu, R. (2023). Transfer of microplastics in terrestrial and aquatic food webs: The impact of E-waste debris and ecological traits. Environmental Science & Technology, 57, 1300–1308.

Circular Economy
Cite this article:
Yang C, Xu B, Zhu Z, et al. Reveal dynamic flows of regional e-waste: Evidence from a field research. Circular Economy, 2024, 3(2): 100086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cec.2024.100086

157

Views

0

Crossref

0

Scopus

Altmetrics

Received: 28 November 2023
Revised: 14 February 2024
Accepted: 17 February 2024
Published: 03 May 2024
© 2024 The Author(s).

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Return