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Research paper | Open Access

Using irrigation intervals to optimize water-use efficiency and maize yield in Xinjiang, northwest China

Guoqiang Zhanga,b,c,1, Dongping Shena,b,c,1, Bo Mingb,c, Ruizhi Xieb,c, Xiuliang Jind, Chaowei Liua, Peng Houb,c, Jun Xueb,c, Jianglu Chene, Wanxu Zhanga,b,c, Wanmao Liua,b,c, Keru Wangb,c( ), Shaokun Lia,b,c( )
The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
UMR EMMAH, INRA, UAPV, 84914 Avignon, France
Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Division 6 of Xinjiang Production and Construction Group, Wujiaqu 831300, Xinjiang, China

1 These authors contributed equally to this work.

Peer review under responsibility of Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS.

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Abstract

Worldwide, scarce water resources and substantial food demands require efficient water use and high yield. This study investigated whether irrigation frequency can be used to adjust soil moisture to increase grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of high-yield maize under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation. A field experiment was conducted using three irrigation intervals in 2016: 6, 9, and 12 days (labeled D6, D9, and D12) and five irrigation intervals in 2017: 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days (D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15). In Xinjiang, an optimal irrigation quota is 540 mm for high-yield maize. The D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15 irrigation intervals gave grain yields of 19.7, 19.1–21.0, 18.8–20.0, 18.2–19.2, and 17.2 Mg ha−1 and a WUE of 2.48, 2.53–2.80, 2.47–2.63, 2.34–2.45, and 2.08 kg m−3, respectively. Treatment D6 led to the highest soil water storage, but evapotranspiration and soil-water evaporation were lower than other treatments. These results show that irrigation interval D6 can help maintain a favorable soil-moisture environment in the upper-60-cm soil layer, reduce soil-water evaporation and evapotranspiration, and produce the highest yield and WUE. In this arid region and in other regions with similar soil and climate conditions, a similar irrigation interval would thus be beneficial for adjusting soil moisture to increase maize yield and WUE under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation.

Keywords

Soil moistureWater use efficiencyMaizeIrrigation frequencyHigh yield (>15 Mg ha−1)

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The Crop Journal
Volume 7 Issue 3,
June 2019
Pages 322-334
DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2018.10.008
Cite this article:
Zhang G, Shen D, Ming B, et al. Using irrigation intervals to optimize water-use efficiency and maize yield in Xinjiang, northwest China. The Crop Journal, 2019, 7(3): 322-334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2018.10.008

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Received: 23 July 2018
Revised: 11 October 2018
Accepted: 25 December 2018
Published: 07 January 2019
© 2019 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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