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Research paper | Open Access

Identification of SNP and InDel variations in the promoter and 5′ untranslated regions of γ-tocopherol methyl transferase (ZmVTE4) affecting higher accumulation of α-tocopherol in maize kernel

Abhijit Kumar Das1, Rashmi Chhabra, Vignesh Muthusamy, Hema Singh Chauhan, Rajkumar Uttamrao Zunjare, Firoz Hossain( )
The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, India

1 Present address: ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research (IIMR), Ludhiana 141004, India.

Peer review under responsibility of Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS.

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Abstract

Deficiency of vitamin-E or tocopherol causes neurological and cardiovascular disorders in humans. Though maize kernel is rich in total tocopherol, the level of α-tocopherol possessing the highest vitamin-E activity is low. Mutant allele of ZmVTE4 with deletion of 7 bp and 118 bp (0/0: most favorable haplotype) in 5′UTR and promoter region, respectively significantly enhances α-tocopherol in maize kernel than wild type haplotype (7/118). α-tocopherol estimation in 15 diverse inbreds revealed that mean α-/γ-tocopherol and α-/total-tocopherol was much higher in genotypes with favorable haplotype (1.51 and 0.41) than unfavorable class (0.19 and 0.13), respectively. However even within favorable class, α-tocopherol ranged from 4.76 to 30.07 μg g−1. Sequence analysis of part of 5′UTR and promoter of ZmVTE4 among the genotypes with favorable haplotype revealed 14 SNPs (SNP1 to SNP14) and eight InDels (InDel1 to InDel8). SNP7 at 606 bp (G to A), and InDels viz., InDel1 (27 bp), InDel4 (27 bp) and InDel8 (14 bp) differentiated low and high α-tocopherol accumulating inbreds with favorable haplotype. Hence the newly identified SNP and InDels in addition to the already reported InDels can be useful in selection of favorable genotypes with higher α-tocopherol in maize.

Keywords

SNPMaizeInDelBiofortificationVitamin-E

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The Crop Journal
Volume 7 Issue 4,
August 2019
Pages 469-479
DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2019.01.004
Cite this article:
Das AK, Chhabra R, Muthusamy V, et al. Identification of SNP and InDel variations in the promoter and 5′ untranslated regions of γ-tocopherol methyl transferase (ZmVTE4) affecting higher accumulation of α-tocopherol in maize kernel. The Crop Journal, 2019, 7(4): 469-479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2019.01.004

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Received: 03 September 2018
Revised: 04 January 2019
Accepted: 10 January 2019
Published: 08 April 2019
© 2019 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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