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Review | Open Access

Mechanisms of cadmium phytoremediation and detoxification in plants

Jin-Song Luoa,b, Zhenhua Zhanga,b( )
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Control and Agricultural Resources Use, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition in Common University, National Engineering Laboratory on Soil and Fertilizer Resources Efficient Utilization, Changsha 410128, Hunan, China
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Abstract

As a consequence of industrial development, soil Cd pollution leads to crop contamination by Cd, posing a threat to food safety and human health. Excessive accumulation of Cd in plants also inhibits their growth via oxidative stress damage to their photosynthetic systems. Through evolutionary selection, plants have developed a set of efficient strategies to respond to Cd in their environments. These include the accumulation and detoxification of heavy metals. Cd is absorbed by plant roots through the apoplastic and symplastic pathways and then translocated to plant shoots via xylem loading, long-distance transport, and phloem redistribution. Simultaneously, plants initiate a series of mechanisms to reduce Cd toxicity, including cell wall adsorption, cytoplasmic chelation, and vacuolar sequestration. This review summarizes current knowledge of Cd accumulation and detoxification in plants.

Keywords

UptakeTranslocationVacuolar sequestrationChelation

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The Crop Journal
Volume 9 Issue 3,
June 2021
Pages 521-529
DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2021.02.001
Cite this article:
Luo J-S, Zhang Z. Mechanisms of cadmium phytoremediation and detoxification in plants. The Crop Journal, 2021, 9(3): 521-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2021.02.001

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Received: 23 December 2020
Revised: 03 February 2021
Accepted: 17 March 2021
Published: 26 March 2021
© 2021 Crop Science Society of China and Institute of Crop Science, CAAS.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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