AI Chat Paper
Discover the SciOpen Platform and Achieve Your Research Goals with Ease.
• Current urban road space distribution between transport modes signifies injustice.
• Transport planning needs to complement transport demand with commuter needs.
• Proposed a framework for identifying user-centric urban transport strategies.
• Co-creation is a successful way of engaging with users to shape transport policy.
Cities worldwide are geared to promote economic growth, improve accessibility, address environmental issues, and enhance the quality of life. However, the processes that lead to the design of urban roads, particularly the space distribution, reflect the inequalities existing in the fabric of our society. Motorists often have shorter travel time and more space than passengers of other modes. Furthermore, the existing transport appraisal and planning tools that frame sustainable transport policies fall short of considering the dimension of social justice. Therefore, our urban transport systems are essential areas for advancing sustainability through a transport justice-based approach to planning that can pivot the distribution of infrastructure investments over different social groups and transport modes. This study proposes such an approach by which such suitable urban transport strategies can be identified, co-created with users and appraised while considering the commuters’ needs. Specifically, the interaction between the multidimensional characteristics of sustainability and the principles of transport justice are investigated. The proposed approach is applied to London and Birmingham. The results show that a transparent and holistic approach to integrating users within transport planning is an effective way to reflect diverse needs and local circumstances and thereby ensure a just transition to sustainable urban transport policies. The results from the case studies highlight a strong rationale for the centrality of justice in any urban transport planning and policy making efforts, particularly in the allocation of road space.
Al-Thawadi, F.E., Weldu, Y.W., Al-Ghamdi, S.G., 2020. Sustainable urban transportation approaches: life-cycle assessment perspective of passenger transport modes in Qatar. Transport. Res. Procedia 48, 2056-2062.
Alam, S., Kumar, A., Dawes, L., 2017. Sustainability assessment of road infrastructure using sustainability index. Infrastruct Asset Manag, 1-48.
Albacete, X., Olaru, D., Paül, V., Biermann, S., 2017. Measuring the accessibility of public transport: a critical comparison between methods in Helsinki. Appl Spatial Anal Policy 10, 161-188.
Banister, D., 2007. Sustainable transport: challenges and opportunities. Transportmetrica 3, 91-106.
Beyazit, E., 2011. Evaluating social justice in transport: lessons to be learned from the capability approach. Transport Rev. 31, 117-134.
Bok, J., Kwon, Y., 2016. Comparable measures of accessibility to public transport using the general transit feed specification. Sustainability 8, 224.
Broniewicz, E., Ogrodnik, K., 2020. Multi-criteria analysis of transport infrastructure projects. Transport. Res. Transport Environ. 83, 102351.
Cameron, J., 2005. Focussing on the focus group. Qualitative Research Methods in Human Geography 2, 116-132.
Carstensen, T.A., Olafsson, A.S., Bech, N.M., Poulsen, T.S., Zhao, C., 2015. The spatio-temporal development of Copenhagen's bicycle infrastructure 1912–2013. Geogr Tidsskr Dan J Geogr 115, 142-156.
Creutzig, F., Javaid, A., Soomauroo, Z., Lohrey, S., Milojevic-Dupont, N., Ramakrishnan, A., et al., 2020. Fair street space allocation: ethical principles and empirical insights. Transport Rev. 40, 711-733.
Currie, G., 2010. Quantifying spatial gaps in public transport supply based on social needs. J. Transport Geogr. 18, 31-41.
de Dios Ortúzar, J., Cifuentes, L.A., Williams, H.C.W.L., 2000. Application of willingness-to-pay methods to value transport externalities in less developed countries. Environ. Plann. 32, 2007-2018.
Dean, M., 2021. Participatory multi-criteria analysis methods: comprehensive, inclusive, transparent and user-friendly? An application to the case of the London Gateway Port. Res. Transport. Econ. 88, 100887.
Department for Transport (DfT), 2009. Manual for Streets. Thomas Telford Publishing, London.
Doorley, R., Pakrashi, V., Ghosh, B., 2015. Quantifying the health impacts of active travel: assessment of methodologies. Transport Rev. 35, 559-582.
Duggleby, W., 2005. What about focus group interaction data? Qual. Health Res. 15, 832-840.
Fairbrass, A.J., Rennert, P., Williams, C., Titheridge, H., Jones, K.E., 2017. Biases of acoustic indices measuring biodiversity in urban areas. Ecol. Indicat. 83, 169-177.
Feitelson, E., 2002. Introducing environmental equity dimensions into the sustainable transport discourse: issues and pitfalls. Transport. Res. Transport Environ. 7, 99-118.
Foth, N., Manaugh, K., El-Geneidy, A.M., 2013. Towards equitable transit: examining transit accessibility and social need in Toronto, Canada, 1996-2006. J. Transport Geogr. 29, 1-10.
François, C., Gondran, N., Nicolas, J.P., Parsons, D., 2017. Environmental assessment of urban mobility: combining life cycle assessment with land-use and transport interaction modelling—application to Lyon (France). Ecol. Indicat. 72, 597-604.
Gössling, S., 2016. Urban transport justice. J. Transport Geogr. 54, 1-9.
Gössling, S., 2020. Why cities need to take road space from cars - and how this could be done. J. Urban Des. 25, 443-448.
Gössling, S., Schröder, M., Späth, P., Freytag, T., 2016. Urban space distribution and sustainable transport. Transport Rev. 36, 659-679.
Gwilliam, K., 2003. Urban transport in developing countries. Transport Rev. 23, 197-216.
Haddak, M.M., 2016. Estimating the willingness-to-pay for road safety improvement. Transport. Res. Procedia 14, 293-302.
Hadjidemetriou, G.M., Sasidharan, M., Kouyialis, G., Parlikad, A.K., 2020. The impact of government measures and human mobility trend on COVID-19 related deaths in the UK. Transp. Res. Interdiscip. Perspect. 6, 100167.
Hardin, G., 1968. The tragedy of the commons. Science 162, 1243-1248.
Int Panis, L., de Geus, B., Vandenbulcke, G., Willems, H., Degraeuwe, B., Bleux, N., et al., 2010. Exposure to particulate matter in traffic: a comparison of cyclists and car passengers. Atmos. Environ. 44, 2263-2270.
Jakub, S., Adrian, L., Mieczysław, B., Ewelina, B., Katarzyna, Z., 2022. Life cycle assessment study on the public transport bus fleet electrification in the context of sustainable urban development strategy. Sci. Total Environ. 824, 153872.
Jenelius, E., Mattsson, L.G., 2012. Road network vulnerability analysis of area-covering disruptions: a grid-based approach with case study. Transport. Res. Part A Policy Pract 46, 746-760.
Karanasiou, A., Viana, M., Querol, X., Moreno, T., de Leeuw, F., 2014. Assessment of personal exposure to particulate air pollution during commuting in European cities—recommendations and policy implications. Sci. Total Environ. 490, 785-797.
Kemmer, L., Sgibnev, W., Weicker, T., Woods, M., 2022. Spaces of exposure: re-thinking ‘publicness’ through public transport. Cult. Geogr. 29, 285-299.
Kim, S., Park, J., Abdel-Aty, M., Lee, S., Kim, S., 2019. Influence of road lane reductions on motorised and non-motorised traffic safety. Proc Inst Civ Eng Munic Eng 172, 233-238.
Koopmans, C., Groot, W., Warffemius, P., Annema, J.A., Hoogendoorn-Lanser, S., 2013. Measuring generalised transport costs as an indicator of accessibility changes over time. Transport Pol. 29, 154-159.
Künzli, N., Kaiser, R., Medina, S., Studnicka, M., Chanel, O., Filliger, P., et al., 2000. Public-health impact of outdoor and traffic-related air pollution: a European assessment. Lancet 356, 795-801.
Lee, J., Arts, J., Vanclay, F., 2021. Stakeholder views about Land Use and Transport Integration in a rapidly-growing megacity: social outcomes and integrated planning issues in Seoul. Sustain. Cities Soc. 67, 102759.
Levinson, D., 2010. Equity effects of road pricing: a review. Transport Rev. 30, 33-57.
Liang, P.K.P., Burrow, M.P., Sasidharan, M., Torbaghan, M.E., Ghataora, G.S., 2022. A rational framework for post-flood road network condition recovery. Infrastruct. Asset Manage. 10 (1), 38-51.
Lucas, K., 2012. Transport and social exclusion: where are we now? Transport Pol. 20, 105-113.
Lucas, K., Philips, I., Verlinghieri, E., 2021. A mixed methods approach to the social assessment of transport infrastructure projects. Transportation 49, 271-291.
Marsden, G., Anable, J., Chatterton, T., Docherty, I., Faulconbridge, J., Murray, L., et al., 2020. Studying disruptive events: innovations in behaviour, opportunities for lower carbon transport policy? Transport Pol. 94, 89-101.
Martens, K., 2011. Substance precedes methodology: on cost-benefit analysis and equity. Transportation 38, 959-974.
Martens, K., 2020. How just is transportation justice theory? The issues of paternalism and production: a comment. Transport. Res. Part A Policy Pract 133, 383-386.
Martens, K., De Ciommo, F., 2017. Travel time savings, accessibility gains and equity effects in cost-benefit analysis. Transport Rev. 37, 152-169.
Martens, K., Golub, A., Robinson, G., 2012. A justice-theoretic approach to the distribution of transportation benefits: implications for transportation planning practice in the United States. Transport. Res. Part A Policy Pract 46, 684-695.
Mihyeon Jeon, C., Amekudzi, A., 2005. Addressing sustainability in transportation systems: definitions, indicators, and metrics. J. Infrastruct. Syst. 11, 31-50.
Mitchell, V., Ross, T., May, A., Sims, R., Parker, C., 2016. Empirical investigation of the impact of using co-design methods when generating proposals for sustainable travel solutions. CoDesign 12, 205-220.
Mullen, C., Tight, M., Whiteing, A., Jopson, A., 2014. Knowing their place on the roads: what would equality mean for walking and cycling? Transport. Res. Part A Policy Pract 61, 238-248.
Nag, D., Paul, S.K., Saha, S., Goswami, A.K., 2018. Sustainability assessment for the transportation environment of Darjeeling, India. J. Environ. Manag. 213, 489-502.
Nello-Deakin, S., 2019. Is there such a thing as a ‘fair’ distribution of road space? J. Urban Des. 24, 698-714.
Ngossaha, J.M., Ngouna, R.H., Archimède, B., Nlong, J.M., 2017. Sustainability assessment of a transportation system under uncertainty: an integrated multicriteria approach. IFAC-PapersOnLine 50, 7481-7486.
Onwuegbuzie, A.J., Dickinson, W.B., Leech, N.L., Zoran, A.G., 2009. A qualitative framework for collecting and analyzing data in focus group research. Int. J. Qual. Methods 8, 1-21.
Parkin, A., Herrera, M., Coley, D.A., 2019. Energy or carbon? Exploring the relative size of universal zero carbon and zero energy design spaces. Build. Serv. Eng. Res. Technol. 40 (3), 319-339.
Pathak, V., Tripathi, B.D., Mishra, V.K., 2008. Evaluation of traffic noise pollution and attitudes of exposed individuals in working place. Atmos. Environ. 42, 3892-3898.
Pearson, R., Philp, S., Hoyle, S., 2019. Delivering shared-space schemes: two case studies from Bournemouth, UK. Proc Inst Civ Eng Munic Eng 172, 197-208.
Pereira, R.H.M., Schwanen, T., Banister, D., 2017. Distributive justice and equity in transportation. Transport Rev. 37, 170-191.
Pregnolato, M., Ford, A., Glenis, V., Wilkinson, S., Dawson, R., 2017. Impact of climate change on disruption to urban transport networks from pluvial flooding. J. Infrastruct. Syst. 23, 1-13.
Rabiee, F., 2004. Focus-group interview and data analysis. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 63, 655-660.
Ramos, A., Vicente, P., Passos, A.M., Costa, P., Reis, E., 2019. Perceptions of the public transport service as a barrier to the adoption of public transport: a qualitative study. Soc. Sci. 8, 1-16.
Rao, Y., Zhang, J., Xu, Q., Wang, S., 2018. Sustainability assessment of road networks: a new perspective based on service ability and landscape connectivity. Sustain. Cities Soc. 40, 471-483.
Rogers, C.D., 2018. Engineering future liveable, resilient, sustainable cities using foresight. Proc Inst Civ Eng Civ Eng 171, 3-9.
Rogers, C.D.F., Hunt, D.V.L., 2018. Realising visions for future cities: an aspirational futures methodology. Proc Inst Civ Eng Urban Des Plan 172, 125-140.
Sabatino, S., Frangopol, D.M., Dong, Y., 2015. Sustainability-informed maintenance optimization of highway bridges considering multi-attribute utility and risk attitude. Eng. Struct. 102, 310-321.
Sadler, J., Bates, A., Donovan, R., Bodnar, S., 2011. Building for Biodiversity: Accommodating People and Wildlife in Cities. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 286–297.
Sasidharan, M., Torbaghan, M.E., 2021. Risk-informed sustainable asset management of railway tracks. Infrastruct Asset Manag 8, 25-35.
Sasidharan, M., Burrow, M.P.N., Ghataora, G.S., 2020. A whole life cycle approach under uncertainty for economically justifiable ballasted railway track maintenance. Res. Transport. Econ. 80, 100815.
Sasidharan, M., Parlikad, A.K., Schooling, J., Hadjidemetriou, G.M., Hamer, M., Kirwan, A., Roffe, S., 2023. A bridge scour risk management approach to deal with uncertain climate future. Transport. Res. Part D: Transport Environ. 114, 103567.
Sasidharan, M., Singh, A., Torbaghan, M.E., Parlikad, A.K., 2020. A vulnerability-based approach to human-mobility reduction for countering COVID-19 transmission in London while considering local air quality. Sci. Total Environ. 741, 140515.
Shi, F., 2015. Study on a stratified sampling investigation method for resident travel and the sampling rate. Discrete Dynam Nat. Soc. 2015, 1-7.
Stephenson, J., Spector, S., Hopkins, D., McCarthy, A., 2018. Deep interventions for a sustainable transport future. Transport. Res. Transport Environ. 61, 356-372.
Topal, H.F., Hunt, D.V.L., Rogers, C.D.F., 2021. Exploring urban sustainability understanding and behaviour: a systematic review towards a conceptual framework. Sustainability 13, 1139.
Torbaghan, M.E., Sasidharan, M., Reardon, L., Muchanga-Hvelplund, L.C., 2022. Understanding the potential of emerging digital technologies for improving road safety. Accid. Anal. Prev. 166, 106543.
Trischler, J., Pervan, S.J., Kelly, S.J., Scott, D.R., 2018. The value of codesign. J. Serv. Res. 21, 75-100.
Umer, A., Hewage, K., Haider, H., Sadiq, R., 2016. Sustainability assessment of roadway projects under uncertainty using Green Proforma: an index-based approach. Int J Sustain Built Environ 5, 604-619.
Valença, G., Moura, F., Morais de Sá, A., 2021. Main challenges and opportunities to dynamic road space allocation: from static to dynamic urban designs. J Urban Mobil 1, 100008.
van Soest, D., Tight, M.R., Rogers, C.D.F., 2019. Exploring transport perceptions across urban areas using free associations. Transport. Res. F Traffic Psychol. Behav. 65, 316-333.
van Soest, D., Tight, M.R., Rogers, C.D.F., 2020. Exploring the distances people walk to access public transport. Transport Rev. 40, 160-182.
van Wee, B., Geurs, K., 2011. Discussing equity and social exclusion in accessibility evaluations. Eur. J. Transport Infrastruct. Res. 11, 350-367.
Van Wee, B., Roeser, S., 2013. Ethical theories and the cost–benefit analysis-based ex ante evaluation of transport policies and plans. Transport Rev. 33, 743-760.
Verlinghieri, E., Schwanen, T., 2020. Transport and mobility justice: evolving discussions. J. Transport Geogr. 87, 102798.
Wrótny, M., Bohatkiewicz, J., 2021. Traffic noise and inhabitant health—a comparison of road and rail noise. Sustainability 13, 7340.
Yang, C.H., Lee, K.C., Chen, H.C., 2016. Incorporating carbon footprint with activity-based costing constraints into sustainable public transport infrastructure project decisions. J. Clean. Prod. 133, 1154-1166.
Yedla, S., Shrestha, R.M., 2003. Multi-criteria approach for the selection of alternative options for environmentally sustainable transport system in Delhi. Transport. Res. Part A Policy Pract 37, 717-729.
Zorn, C., Pant, R., Thacker, S., Shamseldin, A.Y., 2020. Evaluating the magnitude and spatial extent of disruptions across interdependent national infrastructure networks. ASCE-ASME J. Risk Uncertain. Eng. Syst. Part B Mech. Eng. 6, 020904.
This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
