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Research Article | Open Access

Grouping tree species to estimate basal area increment in temperate multispecies forests in Durango, Mexico

Jaime Roberto Padilla-Martíneza( ), Carola Paula, Kai Husmanna, José Javier Corral-Rivasb, Klaus von Gadowc,d
Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-use Planning, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Río Papaloapan y Boulevard Durango S/N, 34120, Durango, Mexico
Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology, Georg-August-Universität, Büsgenweg 5, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
Department of Forestry and Wood Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa
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Abstract

Multispecies forests have received increased scientific attention, driven by the hypothesis that biodiversity improves ecological resilience. However, a greater species diversity presents challenges for forest management and research. Our study aims to develop basal area growth models for tree species cohorts. The analysis is based on a dataset of 423 permanent plots (2,500 ​m2) located in temperate forests in Durango, Mexico. First, we define tree species cohorts based on individual and neighborhood-based variables using a combination of principal component and cluster analyses. Then, we estimate the basal area increment of each cohort through the generalized additive model to describe the effect of tree size, competition, stand density and site quality. The principal component and cluster analyses assign a total of 37 tree species to eight cohorts that differed primarily with regard to the distribution of tree size and vertical position within the community. The generalized additive models provide satisfactory estimates of tree growth for the species cohorts, explaining between 19 and 53 percent of the total variation of basal area increment, and highlight the following results: ⅰ) most cohorts show a “rise-and-fall” effect of tree size on tree growth; ⅱ) surprisingly, the competition index “basal area of larger trees” had showed a positive effect in four of the eight cohorts; ⅲ) stand density had a negative effect on basal area increment, though the effect was minor in medium- and high-density stands, and ⅳ) basal area growth was positively correlated with site quality except for an oak cohort. The developed species cohorts and growth models provide insight into their particular ecological features and growth patterns that may support the development of sustainable management strategies for temperate multispecies forests.

Keywords

Cluster analysisTemperate multispecies forestsBasal area incrementGeneralized additive models

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Forest Ecosystems
Volume 11 Issue 1,
February 2024
Article number: 100158
DOI: 10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100158
Cite this article:
Padilla-Martínez JR, Paul C, Husmann K, et al. Grouping tree species to estimate basal area increment in temperate multispecies forests in Durango, Mexico. Forest Ecosystems, 2024, 11(1): 100158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100158

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Received: 27 September 2023
Revised: 12 November 2023
Accepted: 05 December 2023
Published: 09 December 2023
© 2023 The Authors.

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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