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Research Article | Open Access

Residue behaviors and dietary risk of cyazofamid in turnip, onion and romaine lettuce assessed by a QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS methods

Ruijuan Lia,1, Xue Menb,1, Rumei Lia,1, Tongjin Liua, Hui Lianga, Feng Fanga, Dongxiao Sun-Waterhousec( ), Yongli Wangb( )
Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand

1 These authors contributed equally to this work.

Peer review under responsibility of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.

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Abstract

In this study, the dissipation, terminal residues and dietary risk of the cyazofamid residue in three globally consumed minor crops, turnip (Brassica rapa L.), onion (Allium cepa L.) and romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were assessed by supervised field trials at 6 locations of China in 2020. A reliable QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS method was developed for simultaneous analysis of cyazofamid and its primary metabolite, 4-chloro-5-p-tolylimidazole-2-carbonitrile (CCIM). The average recoveries of cyazofamid and CCIM in turnip, onion and romaine lettuce were 79%–97% and 77%–99%, respectively. The half-lives of cyazofamid in these crops were 5.7–6.5, 5.3–8.7 and 5.8–6.5 days in turnip, onion and romaine lettuce, respectively, with the final cyazofamid residues at harvest all lower than limit of quantitation (LOQ, 0.01 mg/kg). The turnip roots, onion bulbs and romaine lettuce leaves grown in China under Good Agricultural Practices conditions and harvested 10, 14 and 5 days, respectively, after the cyazofamid SC (100 g/L) application, would be reasonably safe for consumption by the general population. The maximum residue limit (MRL) values of cyazofamid could be tentatively set as 10 mg/kg for turnip leaves, 0.3 mg/kg for turnip roots, 0.05 mg/kg for onion bulbs, and 10 mg/kg for romaine lettuce leaves.

Keywords

Cyazofamid residueMinor cropsMaximum residue limitDissipationDietary risk assessment

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Food Science and Human Wellness
Volume 12 Issue 5,
September 2023
Pages 1538-1544
DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.024
Cite this article:
Li R, Men X, Li R, et al. Residue behaviors and dietary risk of cyazofamid in turnip, onion and romaine lettuce assessed by a QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS methods. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2023, 12(5): 1538-1544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.024

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Received: 07 March 2022
Revised: 07 April 2022
Accepted: 21 April 2022
Published: 21 March 2023
© 2023 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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