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Research paper

Genetic Diversity and Structure of Tunisian Local Pear Germplasm as Revealed by SSR Markers

Rim Ounia( ), Anna Zborowskab, Jasna Sehicc, Sarra Choulakd, J. Iñaki Hormazae, Larisa Garkava-Gustavssonb, Messaoud Marsa
Research Unit on Agrobiodiversity (UR13AGR05), Higher Agronomic Institute, IRESA-University of Sousse, Chott-Mariem 4042, Tunisia
Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden
Department of Plant Breeding-Balsgård, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Fjälkestadsvägen 459, SE-29194 Kristianstad, Sweden
Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Bioresources Valorisation (LR11ES41), ISBM, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea La Mayora (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Estaci on Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga 29750, Spain

Peer review under responsibility of Chinese Society for Horticultural Science (CSHS) and Institute of Vegetables and Flowers (IVF), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)

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Abstract

Growing pear has a long tradition in Tunisia, and numerous local cultivars possessing an excellent adaptability and resilience potential to climatic variation are present. This large adaptability is associated with an important genetic diversity, which is threatened to erosion. Appropriate measures have to be taken in order to properly evaluate and conserve this local material. Microsatellite markers were used to assess the level of genetic diversity among Tunisian pear germplasm, and compare it with some European varieties and wild pear species. 61 pear accessions representing eight groups (six groups from Tunisia, one from Northern Europe and another group composed of wild pear) have been genotyped using SSR markers derived from apple and pear. The pear accessions showed a significant polymorphism and 95 polymorphic alleles were found. The number of alleles per locus varied from 5 for CH04e03 locus to 14 for CH01d09 locus with an average of 9.4 alleles per locus. Moreover, the mean gene diversity (He) per locus ranged from 0.192 to 0.752. Genetic distance values and cluster analyses revealed high genetic similarities among the Tunisian groups. Factorial correspondence analysis (FCA) categorized the accessions into three independent groups where Tunisian local accessions agglomerated together distantly from European and wild pear accessions. Additionally, UPGMA dendrogram grouped accessions into two clusters, confirmed thereafter by the Bayesian model-based Structure analysis. The results showed 16 putative triploid accessions found in the local germplasm. This study provides valuable information to develop strategies of local pear conservation and use.

Keywords

genetic diversitymolecular markerPyrus communislocal accession

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Horticultural Plant Journal
Volume 6 Issue 2,
March 2020
Pages 61-70
DOI: 10.1016/j.hpj.2020.03.003
Cite this article:
Ouni R, Zborowska A, Sehic J, et al. Genetic Diversity and Structure of Tunisian Local Pear Germplasm as Revealed by SSR Markers. Horticultural Plant Journal, 2020, 6(2): 61-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2020.03.003

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Received: 12 August 2019
Revised: 19 September 2019
Accepted: 03 January 2020
Published: 06 March 2020
© 2020 Chinese Society for Horticultural Science (CSHS) and Institute of Vegetables and Flowers (IVF), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS).

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
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