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Research Article | Open Access

Graphene controlled phase evolution in Sr-deficient Sr(Ti, Nb)O3 thermoelectric ceramics

Jia Lia, Cao Wub, Jilong Huangb, Juanjuan Xinga( ), Yuchi Fanb( ), Qingqiao Fua, Ying Jianga, Hui Gua( )
Materials Genome Institute, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China

Peer review under responsibility of The Chinese Ceramic Society.

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Highlights

• For monolithic Sr(Ti, Nb)O3, the precipitation of Ti3O5 is ascribed to Sr deficiency.

• RGO promotes the co-precipitation of Nb and Ti, which forms the Nb-enriched rutile TiO2.

• More addition of RGO gives rise to the formation of local Magnéli phase in the composites.

• Strontium and oxygen vacancies in the matrix can be tuned by the addition of RGO.

• Achieving ultrahigh Urec of 5.00J/cm3 and PD of 100.5 M ceramics.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Correlated phase and microstructural evolution are systematically investigated by electron microscopies in Sr-deficient Sr(Ti, Nb)O3 (STNO) thermoelectric ceramics incorporated with different fraction of reduced graphene oxide (RGO). It is found that while no impurity except for very few Ti3O5 precipitates are observed in monolithic STNO, the Nb-enriched rutile TiO2 appears in RGO/STNO composites. With increasing RGO content, the amount of precipitates increase at first and then decrease when RGO content becomes high, which can be ascribed to the formation of local Magnéli phase. In addition, the energy-dispersive X-ray spectra combined with cathodoluminescence characterization indicates that the variation of Sr deficiency experiences the opposite trend with respect to the precipitates content. These findings clearly reveal the unique reducing effect of RGO on the microstructure of doped SrTiO3 with Sr deficiency, which can greatly facilitate the design of perovskite based thermoelectric materials of hierarchical structure.

Keywords

GrapheneSecond phaseSolid solutionReductionMagnéli phase

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Journal of Materiomics
Volume 7 Issue 2,
March 2021
Pages 366-376
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmat.2020.07.004
Cite this article:
Li J, Wu C, Huang J, et al. Graphene controlled phase evolution in Sr-deficient Sr(Ti, Nb)O3 thermoelectric ceramics. Journal of Materiomics, 2021, 7(2): 366-376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmat.2020.07.004

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Received: 30 March 2020
Revised: 08 June 2020
Accepted: 02 July 2020
Published: 17 July 2020
© 2020 The Chinese Ceramic Society.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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