AI Chat Paper
Discover the SciOpen Platform and Achieve Your Research Goals with Ease.
Sodium ion hybrid capacitors (SIHCs) are regarded as advanced power supply systems. Nevertheless, the kinetics imbalance of cathode and anode suppresses the further performance improvement of SIHCs. The carbonaceous anode materials are promising and many strategies have been utilized to increase the capacity of sloping region or accelerate the reaction rate of plateau region. However, it is still challenging to simultaneously realize high mesopore/micropore volume ratio, large interlayer distance (> 0.37 nm), and abundant and favorable heteroatoms-doping by a simple method. Herein, we report N, P, O ternary-doped mesoporous carbon (PNPOC-T, T = 700, 800 or 900) with large interlayer distance (~0.4 nm) as anode materials. The PNPOC-T were prepared by a simple in-situ polymerization of aniline and phytic acid on the exfoliated graphitic nitrogen carbide (g-C3N4) and subsequent carbonization. The obtained PNPOC-800 exhibits an excellent rate performance (101.5 mA·h·g−1 at 20 A·g−1), which can be attributed to the high surface-controlled capacitive behavior ratio and rapid ion diffusion. The optimum SIHCs display a high energy density of 105.48 W·h·kg−1 and a high power density of 13.59 kW·kg−1. Furthermore, the capacitance retention rate of SIHCs can reach 87.43% after 9 000 cycles at 1 A·g−1.
Usiskin R, Lu Y, Popovic J, Law M, Balaya P, Hu Y-S, et al. Fundamentals, status and promise of sodium-based batteries. Nat Rev Mater 2021;6:1020-35.
Song Z, Zhang G, Deng X, Zou K, Xiao X, Momen R, et al. Ultra-low-dose pre-metallation strategy served for commercial metal-ion capacitors. Nano-Micro Lett 2022;14:53.
Dong S, Lv N, Wu Y, Zhu G, Dong X. Lithium-ion and sodium-ion hybrid ca-pacitors: from insertion-type materials design to devices construction. Adv Funct Mater 2021;31:2100455.
Zhang M, Li Y, Wu F, Bai Y, Wu C. Boost sodium-ion batteries to commer-cialization: strategies to enhance initial Coulombic efficiency of hard carbon anode. Nano Energy 2021;82:105738.
Wang H, Zhang Y, Ang H, Zhang Y, Tan HT, Zhang Y, et al. A high-energy lithium-ion capacitor by integration of a 3D interconnected titanium carbide nanoparticle chain anode with a pyridine-derived porous nitrogen-doped carbon cathode. Adv Funct Mater 2016;26:3082-93.
Liu S, Kang L, Zhang J, Jun SC, Yamauchi Y. Carbonaceous anode materials for non-aqueous sodium- and potassium-ion hybrid capacitors. ACS Energy Lett 2021;6:4127-54.
Deng X, Zou K, Momen R, Cai P, Chen J, Hou H, et al. High content anion (S/Se/P) doping assisted by defect engineering with fast charge transfer kinetics for high-performance sodium ion capacitors. Sci Bull 2021;66:1858-68.
Fan J, Yu L-L, Fan G-D, Xu W-L, Xing J-J, Zhao J-T. Cubic nanocrystal con-structed 3D porous LiMn2O4: low-temperature pyrolysis formation and high-performance as a cathode material for aqueous hybrid capacitor. J Materiomics 2021;7:488-97.
Ding J, Hu W, Paek E, Mitlin D. Review of hybrid ion capacitors: from aqueous to lithium to sodium. Chem Rev 2018;118:6457-98.
Jiang H, Yan X, Miao J, You M, Zhu Y, Pan J, et al. Super-conductive silver nanoparticles functioned three-dimensional CuxO foams as a high-pseudocapacitive electrode for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors. J Materiomics 2021;7:156-65.
Rong Z, Fang C, Zhang Z, Miao W, Li X, Liang J, et al. One-step synthesis of carbon-coated monocrystal molybdenum oxides nanocomposite as high-capacity anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. J Materiomics 2021;7:498-507.
Zhang L, Wang W, Lu S, Xiang Y. Carbon anode materials: a detailed com-parison between Na-ion and K-ion batteries. Adv Energy Mater 2021;11:2003640.
Tian Z, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Li Q, Liu T, Antonietti M. A reanalysis of the diverse sodium species in carbon anodes for sodium ion batteries: a thermodynamic view. Adv Energy Mater 2021;11:2102489.
Kamiyama A, Kubota K, Igarashi D, Youn Y, Tateyama Y, Ando H, et al. MgO-template synthesis of extremely high capacity hard carbon for Na-ion battery. Angew Chem Int Ed 2021;60:5114-20.
Xia JL, Yan D, Guo LP, Dong XL, Li WC, Lu AH. Hard carbon nanosheets with uniform ultramicropores and accessible functional groups showing high realistic capacity and superior rate performance for sodium-ion storage. Adv Mater 2020;32:e2000447.
Lu P, Sun Y, Xiang H, Liang X, Yu Y. 3D amorphous carbon with controlled porous and disordered structures as a high-rate anode material for sodium-ion batteries. Adv Energy Mater 2018;8:1702434.
Li Y, Chen M, Liu B, Zhang Y, Liang X, Xia X. Heteroatom doping: an effective way to boost sodium ion storage. Adv Energy Mater 2020;10:2000927.
Zhong G, Lei S, Hu X, Ji Y, Liu Y, Yuan J, et al. Facile synthesis of P-doped carbon nanosheets as janus electrodes of advanced potassium-ion hybrid capacitor. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021;13:29511-21.
Zhou C, Wang D, Li A, Pan E, Liu H, Chen X, et al. Three-dimensional porous carbon doped with N, O and P heteroatoms as high-performance anode ma-terials for sodium ion batteries. Chem Eng J 2020;380:122457.
Li H, Cao L, Zhang H, Tian Z, Zhang Q, Yang F, et al. Intertwined carbon net-works derived from polyimide/cellulose composite as porous electrode for symmetrical supercapacitor. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022;609:179-87.
Yan J, Li H, Wang K, Jin Q, Lai C, Wang R, et al. Ultrahigh phosphorus doping of carbon for high-rate sodium ion batteries anode. Adv Energy Mater 2021;11:2003911.
Zhang Y, Zhao R, Li Y, Zhu X, Zhang B, Lang X, et al. Potassium-ion batteries with novel N, O enriched corn silk-derived carbon as anode exhibiting excellent rate performance. J Power Sources 2021;481:228644.
Yin B, Liang S, Yu D, Cheng B, Egun IL, Lin J, et al. Increasing accessible sub-surface to improving rate capability and cycling stability of sodium-ion bat-teries. Adv Mater 2021;33:e2100808.
Zhong W, Chen QW, Yang F, Liu WL, Li GD, Xie KF, et al. P dual-doped carbon nanotube with superior high-rate sodium storage performance for sodium ion batteries. J Electroanal Chem 2019;850:113392.
Yang D, Li S, Cheng D, Miao L, Zhong W, Yang X, et al. Nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus codoped hollow carbon microtubes derived from silver willow blossoms as a high-performance anode for sodium-ion batteries. Energy Fuels 2021;35:2795-804.
Zhao Z, Kong Y, Liu C, Liu J, Wang Z, Zheng G, et al. Atomic layer deposition-induced integration of N-doped carbon particles on carbon foam for flexible supercapacitor. J Materiomics 2020;6:209-15.
Wang Z, Jin B, Peng J, Su W, Zhang K, Hu X, et al. Engineered polymeric carbon nitride additive for energy storage materials: a review. Adv Funct Mater 2021;31:2102300.
Chen J, Mao Z, Zhang L, Wang D, Xu R, Bie L, et al. Nitrogen-deficient graphitic carbon nitride with enhanced performance for lithium ion battery anodes. ACS Nano 2017;11:12650-7.
Li ZQ, Lu CJ, Xia ZP, Zhou Y, Luo Z. X-ray diffraction patterns of graphite and turbostratic carbon. Carbon 2007;45:1686-95.
Kaspar J, Storch M, Schitco C, Riedel R, Graczyk-Zajac M. SiOC(n)/hard carbon composite anodes for Na-ion batteries: influence of morphology on the electrochemical properties. J Electrochem Soc 2015;163:A156-62.
Lei Z, Christov N, Zhang LL, Zhao XS. Mesoporous carbon nanospheres with an excellent electrocapacitive performance. J Mater Chem 2011;21:2274-81.
Qiao Z, Hwang S, Li X, Wang C, Samarakoon W, Karakalos S, et al. 3D porous graphitic nanocarbon for enhancing the performance and durability of pt catalysts: a balance between graphitization and hierarchical porosity. Energy Environ Sci 2019;12:2830-41.
Chen D, Zhang W, Luo K, Song Y, Zhong Y, Liu Y, et al. Hard carbon for sodium storage: mechanism and optimization strategies toward commercialization. Energy Environ Sci 2021;14:2244-62.
Mou X, Ma J, Zheng S, Chen X, Krumeich F, Hauert R, et al. A general synthetic strategy toward highly doped pyridinic nitrogen-rich carbons. Adv Funct Mater 2020;31:2006076.
Jansen RJJ, van Bekkum H. XPS of Nitrogen-containing functional groups on activated carbon. Carbon 1995;33:1021-7.
Wang M, Yang Z, Li W, Gu L, Yu Y. Superior sodium storage in 3D inter-connected nitrogen and oxygen dual-doped carbon network. Small 2016;12:2559-66.
Zhao LF, Hu Z, Lai WH, Tao Y, Peng J, Miao ZC, et al. Hard carbon anodes: fundamental understanding and commercial perspectives for Na-ion batteries beyond Li-ion and k-ion counterparts. Adv Energy Mater 2020;11:2002704.
Wang H, Shao Y, Mei S, Lu Y, Zhang M, Sun J-K, et al. Polymer-derived heteroatom-doped porous carbon materials. Chem Rev 2020;120:9363-419.
Wang X, He S, Chen F, Hou X. Nitrogen-doped hard carbon as symmetric electrodes for sodium-ion capacitor. Energy Fuels 2020;34:13144-8.
Liu H, Liu X, Wang H, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Shi J, et al. High-performance sodium-ion capacitor constructed by well-matched dual-carbon electrodes from a single biomass. ACS Sustainable Chem Eng 2019;7:12188-99.
Yang C, Zhang M, Kong N, Lan J, Yu Y, Yang X. Self-supported carbon nanofiber films with high-level nitrogen and phosphorus co-doping for advanced lithium-ion and sodium-ion capacitors. ACS Sustainable Chem Eng 2019;7:9291-300.
Chen C, Huang Y, Lu M, Zhang J, Li T. Tuning morphology, defects and func-tional group types in hard carbon via phosphorus doped for rapid sodium storage. Carbon 2021;183:415-27.
Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Liu S, Yang H. Nitrogen-doped three-dimensional porous carbon anode derived from hard halloysite template for sodium-ion batteries. Appl Clay Sci 2021;200:105916.
Hu H-Y, Xiao Y, Ling W, Wu Y-B, Wang P, Tan S-J, et al. A stable biomass-derived hard carbon anode for high-performance sodium-ion full battery. Energy Technol 2020;9:2000730.
Yu K, Wang X, Yang H, Bai Y, Wu C. Insight to defects regulation on sugarcane waste-derived hard carbon anode for sodium-ion batteries. J Energy Chem 2021;55:499-508.
Fleischmann S, Mitchell JB, Wang R, Zhan C, Jiang DE, Presser V, et al. Pseu-docapacitance: from fundamental understanding to high power energy stor-age materials. Chem Rev 2020;120:6738-82.
Xu J, Liu Z, Zhang F, Tao J, Shen L, Zhang X. Bacterial cellulose-derived carbon nanofibers as both anode and cathode for hybrid sodium ion capacitor. RSC Adv 2020;10:7780-90.
Hu F, Liu S, Li S, Liu C, Yu G, Song C, et al. High and ultra-stable energy storage from all-carbon sodium-ion capacitor with 3D framework carbon as cathode and carbon nanosheet as anode. J Energy Chem 2021;55:304-12.
Wei Q, Li Q, Jiang Y, Zhao Y, Tan S, Dong J, et al. High-energy and high-power pseudocapacitor-battery hybrid sodium-ion capacitor with Na(+) intercala-tion pseudocapacitance anode. Nano-Micro Lett 2021;13:55.
Liao K, Wang H, Wang L, Xu D, Wu M, Wang R, et al. A high-energy sodium-ion capacitor enabled by a nitrogen/sulfur co-doped hollow carbon nanofiber anode and an activated carbon cathode. Nanoscale Adv 2019;1:746-56.
Zou K, Cai P, Liu C, Li J, Gao X, Xu L, et al. A kinetically well-matched full-carbon sodium-ion capacitor. J Mater Chem 2019;7:13540-9.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
