Stroke is the leading worldwide cause of disability and death. Effective stroke prevention and management depend on early identification of stroke risk.
Eight machine learning algorithms are applied to predict stroke risk using a well-curated dataset with pertinent clinical information. This paper describes a thorough investigation of stroke prediction using various machine learning methods.
The empirical evaluation yields encouraging results, with the logistic regression, support vector machine, and K-nearest neighbors models achieving an impressive accuracy of 95.04%, and the random forest and neural network models scoring even better, with accuracies of 95.10% and 95.16%, respectively. The neural network exhibits slightly superior performance, indicating its potential as a reliable model for stroke risk assessment.
The empirical evaluation underscores the ability of neural networks to discern intricate data relationships. These findings offer valuable insights for healthcare professionals and researchers, aiding in the development of improved stroke prevention strategies and timely interventions, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.
AlSharabi K, Bin Salamah Y, Abdurraqeeb AM, et al. EEG signal processing for Alzheimer’s disorders using discrete wavelet transform and machine learning approaches. IEEE Access. 2022;10:89781–89797. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3198988.
Fang G, Xu P, Liu WB. Automated ischemic stroke subtyping based on machine learning approach. IEEE Access. 2020;8:118426–118432. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3004977.
Kang K, Park TH, Kim N, et al. Recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction, and major vascular events during the first year after acute ischemic stroke: the multicenter prospective observational study about recurrence and its determinants after acute ischemic stroke I. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2016;25(3):656–664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.11.036.
Zhang ZH, Beck MW, Winkler DA, et al. Opening the black box of neural networks: methods for interpreting neural network models in clinical applications. Ann Transl Med. 2018;6(11):216. https://doi.org/10.21037/atm.2018.05.32.
Han TY, Nebelung S, Pedersoli F, et al. Advancing diagnostic performance and clinical usability of neural networks via adversarial training and dual batch normalization. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):4315. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24464-3.
Yang YJ, Zheng J, Du ZZ, et al. Accurate prediction of stroke for hypertensive patients based on medical big data and machine learning algorithms: retrospective study. JMIR Med Inform. 2021;9(11):e30277. https://doi.org/10.2196/30277.
Zhu EZ, Chen ZH, Ai P, et al. Analyzing and predicting the risk of death in stroke patients using machine learning. Front Neurol. 2023;14:1096153. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1096153.
Mia R, Khanam S, Mahjabeen A, et al. Exploring machine learning for predicting cerebral stroke: a study in discovery. Electronics. 2024;13(4):686. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13040686.
Dritsas E, Trigka M. Stroke risk prediction with machine learning techniques. Sensors. 2022;22(13):4670. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22134670.
Mridha K, Ghimire S, Shin J, et al. Automated stroke prediction using machine learning: an explainable and exploratory study with a web application for early intervention. IEEE Access. 2023;11:52288–52308. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3278273.
Heo J, Yoon JG, Park H, et al. Machine learning-based model for prediction of outcomes in acute stroke. Stroke. 2019;50(5):1263–1265. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.024293.
Wang WJ, Kiik M, Peek N, et al. A systematic review of machine learning models for predicting outcomes of stroke with structured data. PLoS One. 2020;15(6):e0234722. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234722.
Karthick K, Aruna SK, Manikandan R. Development and evaluation of the bootstrap resampling technique based statistical prediction model for Covid-19 real time data: a data driven approach. J Interdiscipl Math. 2022;25(3):615–627. https://doi.org/10.1080/09720502.2021.2012890.
Al-Shammari NK, Alzamil AA, Albadarn M, et al. Cardiac stroke prediction framework using hybrid optimization algorithm under DNN. Eng Technol Appl Sci Res. 2021;11(4):7436–7441. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.4277.
Tazin T, Alam MN, Dola NN, et al. Stroke disease detection and prediction using robust learning approaches. J Healthc Eng. 2021;2021:7633381. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/7633381.
Dev S, Wang HW, Nwosu CS, et al. A predictive analytics approach for stroke prediction using machine learning and neural networks. Healthc Anal. 2022;2:100032. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.health.2022.100032.
Bohra N, Bhatnagar V, Choudhary A, et al. Popularity prediction of social media post using tensor factorization. Intell Autom Soft Comput. 2023;36(1):205–221. https://doi.org/10.32604/iasc.2023.030708.
Gupta KD, Dwivedi R, Sharma DK. Prediction of Covid-19 trends in Europe using generalized regression neural network optimized by flower pollination algorithm. J Interdiscipl Math. 2021;24(1):33–51. https://doi.org/10.1080/09720502.2020.1833447.
Mangla M, Mehta V, Mohanty SN, et al. Statistical growth prediction analysis of rice crop with pixel-based mapping technique. Int J Artif Intell Soft Comput. 2022;7(3):208. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijaisc.2022.126342.
Turkyilmazoglu M. Nonlinear problems via a convergence accelerated decomposition method of adomian. Comput Model Eng Sci. 2021;127(1):1–22. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2021.012595.
Turkyilmazoglu M. A reliable convergent Adomian decomposition method for heat transfer through extended surfaces. Int J Numer Methods Heat Fluid Flow. 2018;28(11):2551–2566. https://doi.org/10.1108/hff-01-2018-0003.