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Original Article | Open Access

Association between metabolic syndrome and body constitution of traditional Chinese medicine: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hui Luoa,b,1, Lingru Lib,1, Tianxing Lib, Xing Liaoc, Qi Wangb( )
Institute for Tibetan Medicine, China Tibetology Research Center, Beijing 100101, China
Center for Studies in Constitution Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
Center of Evidence Based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China

Peer review under responsibility of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.

Show Author Information

Abstract

Background

The constitution theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) states that body constitution and disease are associated; therefore, the identification of body constitution can provide reference for disease prevention and treatment. A series of clinical studies evaluating the association between TCM constitution and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been conducted in recent years. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize and evaluate the clinical evidence of the relationship between constitution and MetS.

Methods

The PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chongqing VIP, and Wanfang Data electronic databases were searched from April 2009 to July 2020. The search terms included "metabolic syndrome, " "constitution, " and "Chinese medicine." Observational studies evaluating the relationship between body constitution of TCM and MetS were included. The primary outcome included the distribution of constitutional types in the MetS population, and odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) between constitution and MetS. Effect size was expressed as proportion or OR with 95% confidence interval (CI). Methodological quality of included studies was evaluated by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) or the American Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) criteria.

Results

Three case–control and 26 cross-sectional studies involving 30435 cases were included. Phlegm-dampness, qi-deficiency, and damp-heat were the main constitution types in patients with MetS, accounting for 29% (22%–39%), 18% (13%–24%), and 12% (9%–17%) of the population, respectively; the risk of MetS in people with phlegm-dampness and qi-deficiency constitution was 1.74 [1.27, 2.38] and 1.29 [1.01, 1.65] times higher than that in those with other constitutions. There were sex- and age-related differences in the distribution of TCM constitution in patients with MetS.

Conclusion

Phlegm-dampness and qi-deficiency were associated with the occurrence of MetS. Well-designed cohort and case–control studies are needed to provide evidence for the use of TCM to prevent and treat MetS.

Keywords

Meta-analysisTraditional Chinese medicineMetabolic syndromeBody constitutionAssociation

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences
Volume 7 Issue 4,
December 2020
Pages 355-365
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2020.10.004
Cite this article:
Luo H, Li L, Li T, et al. Association between metabolic syndrome and body constitution of traditional Chinese medicine: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences, 2020, 7(4): 355-365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcms.2020.10.004

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Received: 26 July 2020
Revised: 14 October 2020
Accepted: 20 October 2020
Published: 23 October 2020
© 2020 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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