Assessing traditional Chinese medicine from a molecular perspective
), Weihong Tana,b()Abstract
Molecular medicine, which delves into the intricacies of biomolecular structure, function, and role, is pivotal for advancing precise diagnostics and personalized treatment. Nucleic acids, a class of star functional molecules, are notable for their versatile applications in molecular diagnostics, gene therapy, and drug development. Therefore, in this study, we review the extensive use of nucleic acid aptamers in medicinal practice. Furthermore, the expanding field of molecular medicine has catalyzed advancements in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as evidenced by scientific endeavors to integrate modern technologies. Therefore, TCM has experienced rapid modernization by leveraging artificial intelligence, nucleic acid molecular medicine, and bioelectronic medicine.
References
Hu X, Kwon N, Yan K, Sedgwick AC, Yoon J. Bio-conjugated advanced materials for targeted disease theranostics. Adv Funct Mater. 2020;30(13):1907906.
Vallance P, Levick M. Drug discovery and development in the age of molecular medicine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007;82(4):363-366.
Waldman AD, Fritz JM, Lenardo MJ. A guide to cancer immunotherapy: from T cell basic science to clinical practice. Nat Rev Immunol. 2020;20(11):651-668.
Grünewald TG, Alonso M, Avnet S, et al. Sarcoma treatment in the era of molecular medicine. EMBO Mol Med. 2020;12(11):e11131.
Tan W, Jiang J, Yang C. Molecular science vs. molecular medicine. Natl Sci Rev. 2019;6(6):1102.
Bojkova D, Klann K, Koch B, et al. Proteomics of SARS-CoV-2-infected host cells reveals therapy targets. Nature. 2020;583(7816):469-472.
Sette A, Crotty S. Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Cell. 2021;184(4):861-880.
Yang J, Wang W, Chen Z, et al. A vaccine targeting the RBD of the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 induces protective immunity. Nature. 2020;586(7830):572-577.
Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, Schroeder S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. Cell. 2020;181(2):271-280.
Karczewski KJ, Snyder MP. Integrative omics for health and disease. Nat Rev Genet. 2018;19(5):299-310.
Wang SW, Gao C, Zheng YM, et al. Current applications and future perspective of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing in cancer. Mol Cancer. 2022;21(1):57.
Tie J, Cohen JD, Lahouel K, et al. Circulating tumor DNA analysis guiding adjuvant therapy in stage II colon cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(24):2261-2272.
Zhao Y, Zuo X, Li Q, et al. Nucleic acids analysis. Sci China Chem. 2021;64(2):171-203.
Arabi F, Mansouri V, Ahmadbeigi N. Gene therapy clinical trials, where do we go? An overview. Biomed Pharmacother. 2022;153:113324.
Egli M, Manoharan M. Chemistry, structure and function of approved oligonucleotide therapeutics. Nucleic Acids Res. 2023;51(6):2529-2573.
Liu C, Shi Q, Huang X, Koo S, Kong N, Tao W. mRNA-based cancer therapeutics. Nat Rev Cancer. 2023;23(8):526-543.
Fang X, Tan W. Aptamers generated from cell-SELEX for molecular medicine: a chemical biology approach. Acc Chem Res. 2010;43(1):48-57.
Wu X, Chen J, Wu M, Zhao JX. Aptamers: active targeting ligands for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Theranostics. 2015;5(4):322-344.
Wang T, Chen L, Chikkanna A, et al. Development of nucleic acid aptamer-based lateral flow assays: a robust platform for cost-effective point-of-care diagnosis. Theranostics. 2021;11(11):5174-5196.
He J, Duan Q, Ran C, Fu T, Liu Y, Tan W. Recent progress of aptamer‒drug conjugates in cancer therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2023;13(4):1358-1370.
Ai L, Jiang X, Zhang K, Cui C, Liu B, Tan W. Tools and techniques for the discovery of therapeutic aptamers: recent advances. Expet Opin Drug Discov. 2023;18(12):1393-1411.
Yu Y, Wang L, Ni S, et al. Targeting loop3 of sclerostin preserves its cardiovascular protective action and promotes bone formation. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):4241.
Tuerk C, Gold L. Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: RNA ligands to bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase. Science. 1990;249(4968):505-510.
Schneider D, Tuerk C, Gold L. Selection of high affinity RNA ligands to the bacteriophage R17 coat protein. J Mol Biol. 1992;228(3):862-869.
Sefah K, Shangguan D, Xiong X, O’Donoghue MB, Tan W. Development of DNA aptamers using Cell-SELEX. Nat Protoc. 2010;5(6):1169-1185.
Marini JC, Forlino A, Bächinger HP, et al. Osteogenesis imperfecta. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2017;3:17052.
Wang L, Yu Y, Ni S, et al. Therapeutic aptamer targeting sclerostin loop3 for promoting bone formation without increasing cardiovascular risk in osteogenesis imperfecta mice. Theranostics. 2022;12(13):5645-5674.
Kim YK. RNA therapy: rich history, various applications and unlimited future prospects. Exp Mol Med. 2022;54(4):455-465.
Al Shaer D, Al Musaimi O, Albericio F, de la Torre BG. 2023 FDA TIDES (peptides and oligonucleotides) harvest. Pharmaceuticals. 2024;17(2):243.
Ding D, Zhao H, Wei D, et al. The first-in-human whole-body dynamic pharmacokinetics study of aptamer. Research. 2023;6:126.
Xie H, Ding X. The intriguing landscape of single-cell protein analysis. Adv Sci. 2022;9(12):e2105932.
Huang J, Chen X, Fu X, Li Z, Huang Y, Liang C. Advances in aptamer-based biomarker discovery. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:659760.
Li Y, Zhang H, Merkher Y, et al. Recent advances in therapeutic strategies for triple-negative breast cancer. J Hematol Oncol. 2022;15(1):121.
Yin L, Duan JJ, Bian XW, Yu SC. Triple-negative breast cancer molecular subtyping and treatment progress. Breast Cancer Res. 2020;22(1):61.
He JP, Feng X, Wang JF, et al. Icariin prevents bone loss by inhibiting bone resorption and stabilizing bone biological apatite in a hindlimb suspension rodent model. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2018;39(11):1760-1767.
Zhu H, Zhang L, Qian M, et al. Microgravity versus microgravity and irradiation: investigating the change of neuroendocrine-immune system and the antagonistic effect of traditional Chinese medicine formula. BioMed Res Int. 2020;2020:2641324.
Huang M, Liu YY, Xiong K, et al. The role and advantage of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. J Integr Med. 2023;21(5):407-412.
Liu S, Wang Z, Su Y, et al. A neuroanatomical basis for electroacupuncture to drive the vagal-adrenal axis. Nature. 2021;598(7882):641-645.
Li FS, Weng JK. Demystifying traditional herbal medicine with modern approach. Nat Plants. 2017;3:17109.
Wang Y, Shi X, Li L, Efferth T, Shang D. The impact of artificial intelligence on traditional Chinese medicine. Am J Chin Med. 2021;49(6):1297-1314.
Yuan L, Yang L, Zhang S, et al. Development of a tongue image-based machine learning tool for the diagnosis of gastric cancer: a prospective multicentre clinical cohort study. EClinicalMedicine. 2023;57:101834.
Wang X, Wang ZY, Zheng JH, Li S. TCM network pharmacology: a new trend towards combining computational, experimental and clinical approaches. Chin J Nat Med. 2021;19(1):1-11.
Gan X, Shu Z, Wang X, et al. Network medicine framework reveals generic herb-symptom effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine. Sci Adv. 2023;9(43):eadh0215.
Bai G, Zhang T, Hou Y, Ding G, Jiang M, Luo G. From quality markers to data mining and intelligence assessment: a smart quality-evaluation strategy for traditional Chinese medicine based on quality markers. Phytomedicine. 2018;44:109-116.
Wang S, Hou Y, Li X, Meng X, Zhang Y, Wang X. Practical implementation of artificial intelligence-based deep learning and cloud computing on the application of traditional medicine and Western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:765435.
京公网安备11010802044758号