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Article | Open Access

Phylogeny and intercontinental distribution of the pneumocandin-producing anamorphic fungus Glarea lozoyensis

F. Peláezf, J. Colladoh, G. Platasa, D.P. Overyi, J. Martína, F. Vicentea, A. González del Valg, A. Basiliog, M. De la Cruza, J.R. Tormoa, A. Fillolag, F. Arenalb, M. Villarealc, V. Rubioc, H.O. Barald, R. Galáne, G.F. Billsa()
Fundación MEDINA, Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores en Andalucía, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. de Conocimiento 3, E–18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
PharmaMar S.A.U., Microbiology Department, R and D Drug Discovery, Edificio Parque Científico de Madrid, Santiago Grisolía 2, PTM, Tres Cantos, E-28760 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales, CSIC, Serrano 115-bis, 28006 Madrid, Spain
Blaihofstrasse 42, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany
Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, E-28871 Madrid, Spain
Spanish National Cancer Research Center, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Centro de Investigación Básica, Merck, Sharp and Dohme de España, S.A. Josefa Valcárcel 38, E-28026 Madrid, Spain
Oficina Española de Patentes y Marcas, Departamento de Patentes e Información Tecnológica, Paseo de la Castellana 75, Madrid E-28071, Spain
University of Prince Edward Island, Duffy Research Center (NRC-INH), 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, C1A 4P3 Canada
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Abstract

Glarea lozoyensis is an anamorphic ascomycete that produces pneumocandin B0, the starting molecule for the synthesis of the antifungal drug caspofungin (CANCIDAS™). Glarea lozoyensis was first isolated in 1985 from a water sample from Madrid, Spain. Until now, only the original strain was known, but we have discovered new strains from Argentina and the USA. Molecular phylogenetic reference to a 28S rDNA database of antibiotic-producing fungi quickly identified these strains as being conspecific with G. lozoyensis. Bayesian inference phylogeny of ITS, 28S rDNA and α-actin gene fragments revealed that G. lozoyensis is related to species of the genus Cyathicula (Helotiales). Glarea lozoyensis was not conspecific with any of the Cyathicula species sequenced, although it appears to share a common ancestor. Glarea lozoyensis and Cyathicula strains were fermented on nutritional microarrays in 96-well plates. Cyathicula extracts did not show antifungal activity and did not produce pneumocandins, whereas potent antifungal activity and pneumocandin A0 production were confirmed for the four G. lozoyensis isolates. Also, culture morphology differed, with G. lozoyensis strains producing a dark brown, profusely sporulating mycelium with pigmented multicellular conidia accumulating in conidial masses, while all Cyathicula species tested in culture formed hyaline to light brown mycelia and lacked conidia. The chemistry and taxonomic distribution of the echinocandin class of antifungals is comprehensively reviewed.

Keywords

CyathiculaCrocicreasPezizellaHelotialesechinocandinsmolecular phylogeny

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Mycology
Volume 2 Issue 1,
March 2011
Pages 1-17
DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2010.544334
Cite this article:
Peláez F, Collado J, Platas G, et al. Phylogeny and intercontinental distribution of the pneumocandin-producing anamorphic fungus Glarea lozoyensis. Mycology, 2011, 2(1): 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2010.544334
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