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Article | Open Access

Endophytic Xylariaceae from the forests of Western Ghats, southern India: distribution and biological activities

Meenavalli B. Govinda Rajulua, Nagamani Thirunavukkarasub, A. Giridhar Babuc, Ashish Aggarwalc, Trichur S. Suryanarayanana( ), M. Sudhakara Reddyc
Vivekananda Institute of Tropical Mycology, Ramakrishna Mission Vidyapith, Chennai 600004, India
Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda College, Mylapore, Chennai 600004, India
Department of Biotechnology, Thapar University, Patiala 147004, India
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Abstract

The distribution of Xylaria endophytes in the leaves of 22 tree species of a dry thorn forest and 27 tree species of a stunted montane evergreen forest of the Western Ghats in southern India was studied. In addition, these endophytes were screened for the production of some bioactive metabolites and extracellular enzymes. All the tree species in both the forest types harboured xylariaceous endophytes. Generally, xylariaceous endophytic infection of the leaves increased during the wet season. Molecular analysis showed that most of the xylariaceous endophytes isolated belonged to Xylaria or Nemania. All endophytes produced cellulase, and most of the isolates produced laccase and lipase enzymes suggesting continuing their life in plant litter as saprotrophs. The culture extracts were inhibitory to fungi, bacteria and algae indicating that they can compete with such organisms in the forest floor while surviving as saprotrophs. Fungi with such dual life strategies appear to be a potential source for biotechnological exploitation.

Keywords

antimicrobial activitydiversitylipaselaccasexylariaceous endophytes

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Mycology
Volume 4 Issue 1,
March 2013
Pages 29-37
DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2013.776648
Cite this article:
Govinda Rajulu MB, Thirunavukkarasu N, Giridhar Babu A, et al. Endophytic Xylariaceae from the forests of Western Ghats, southern India: distribution and biological activities. Mycology, 2013, 4(1): 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2013.776648

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Received: 09 June 2012
Accepted: 12 February 2013
Published: 07 March 2013
© 2013 Mycological Society of China
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