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Paper | Open Access

Novel Ni3S4/NiS/NC composite with multiple heterojunctions synthesized through space-confined effect for high-performance supercapacitors

Wutao Wei1,2, Zijie Guo2, Jiaqiang Xu1, Zhe Fang2( ), Jiujun Zhang1 ( ), Yu Jia3, Liwei Mi2 ( )
Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Salt Materials, Center for Advanced Materials Research, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, Henan, People’s Republic of China
International Laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan & School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, People’s Republic of China
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Abstract

The construction of heterojunctions in composite materials to optimize the electronic structures and active sites of energy materials is considered to be the promising strategy for the fabrication of high-performance electrochemical energy devices. In this paper, a one-step, easy processing and cost-effective technique for generating composite materials with heterojunctions was successfully developed. The composite containing Ni3S4, NiS, and N-doped amorphous carbon (abbreviated as Ni3S4/NiS/NC) with multiple heterojunction nanosheets are synthesized via the space-confined effect of molten salt interface of recrystallized NaCl. Several lattice matching forms of Ni3S4 with cubic structure and NiS with hexagonal structure are confirmed by the detailed characterization of heterogeneous interfaces. The C–S bonds are the key factor in realizing the chemical coupling between nickel sulfide and NC and constructing the stable heterojunction. Density functional theory calculations further revealed that the electronic interaction on the heterogeneous interface of Ni3S4/NiS can contribute to high electronic conductivity. The heterogeneous interfaces are identified to be the good electroactive region with excellent electrochemical performance. The synergistic effect of abundant active sites, the enhanced kinetic process and valid interface charge transfer channels of Ni3S4/NiS/NC multiple heterojunction can guarantee high reversible redox activity and high structural stability, resulting in both high specific capacitance and energy/power densities when it is used as the electrode for supercapacitors. This work offers a new avenue for the rational design of the heterojunction materials with improved electrochemical performance through space-confined effect of NaCl.

Keywords

multiple heterojunctionspace-confined effectelectronic interactionsupercapacitors

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing
Volume 5 Issue 1,
March 2023
Pages 015504-015504
DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/aca8da
Cite this article:
Wei W, Guo Z, Xu J, et al. Novel Ni3S4/NiS/NC composite with multiple heterojunctions synthesized through space-confined effect for high-performance supercapacitors. International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, 2023, 5(1): 015504. https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/aca8da

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Received: 09 March 2022
Revised: 23 March 2022
Accepted: 04 December 2022
Published: 16 December 2022
© 2022 The Author(s).

Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
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