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Research | Open Access

Avian influenza virus ecology in wild birds of Western Siberia

K. A. Sharshov1 ( ), A. K. Yurlov2, Xinxin Li3, Wen Wang4, Laixing Li4, Yuhai Bi5, Wenjun Liu6, Takehiko Saito7, Haruko Ogawa8, A. M. Shestopalov1
Laboratory of Experimental Modeling and Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia 630117
Research Group of Birds Ecology, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia 630091
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia 630090
Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology (CASPMI), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
Division of Transboundary Animal Disease, National Institute of Animal Health (NIAH), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan
Diagnostic Center for Animal Health and Food Safety, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
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Abstract

Background

The aim of the study was to explore the ecological diversity of wild birds in Siberia, which are the natural reservoir of avian influenza virus (AIV).

Methods

Cloacal swabs and intestinal fragments were collected from wild migratory birds from 2007-2014. Isolated viruses were grown in the allantoic cavity of embryonated chicken eggs. The presence of virus was determined using hemagglutination assays. Primary identification and subtyping of influenza viruses was confirmed by RT-PCR.

Results

A total of 2300 samples obtained from wild migratory birds of 8 orders were collected and tested. Influenza was detected in 185 birds of 3 orders. Species of family Anatidae (order Anseriformes) such as European Teal (Anas crecca), Garganey Teal (A. querquedula), and Shoveler (A. clypeata) play the main role in AIV circulation in the south of Western Siberia. The proportion of viral carriers among waterfowl ranged from 5.6 to 20% in 2007-2014. The order Charadriiformes had lower virus isolation rates of not more than 1.4%.

Conclusions

Wild migratory waterfowl of orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes are the main reservoir of AIV in the south of Western Siberia. This area plays a key role in persistence, evolution, and geographical distribution of avian influenza.

Keywords

DistributionMigrationInfluenza A virusWild birdsWater and wetland complexEcologySurveillance

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Avian Research
Volume 8 Issue 1,
January 2017
Article number: 12
DOI: 10.1186/s40657-017-0070-9
Cite this article:
Sharshov KA, Yurlov AK, Li X, et al. Avian influenza virus ecology in wild birds of Western Siberia. Avian Research, 2017, 8(1): 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40657-017-0070-9

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Received: 21 March 2017
Accepted: 14 May 2017
Published: 20 May 2017
© The Author(s) 2017.

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
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