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Research | Open Access

Can we reestablish a self-sustaining population? A case study on reintroduced Crested Ibis with population viability analysis

Yashuai Zhang1, Fang Wang1, Zhenxia Cui1, Min Li1, Xia Li2, Xinping Ye1( ), Xiaoping Yu1( )
College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
Reintroduction Center of Crested Ibis, Ningshan County, An'kang, 725000, China
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Abstract

Background

One of the most challenging tasks in wildlife conservation and management is clarifying which and how external and intrinsic factors influence wildlife demography and long-term viability. The wild population of the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) has recovered to approximately 4400, and several reintroduction programs have been carried out in China, Japan and Korea. Population viability analysis on this endangered species has been limited to the wild population, showing that the long-term population growth is restricted by the carrying capacity and inbreeding. However, gaps in knowledge of the viability of the reintroduced population and its drivers in the release environment impede the identification of the most effective population-level priorities for aiding in species recovery.

Methods

The field monitoring data were collected from a reintroduced Crested Ibis population in Ningshan, China from 2007 to 2018. An individual-based VORTEX model (Version 10.3.5.0) was used to predict the future viability of the reintroduced population by incorporating adaptive patterns of ibis movement in relation to catastrophe frequency, mortality and sex ratio.

Results

The reintroduced population in Ningshan County is unlikely to go extinct in the next 50 years. The population size was estimated to be 367, and the population genetic diversity was estimated to be 0.97. Sensitivity analysis showed that population size and extinction probability were dependent on the carrying capacity and sex ratio. The carrying capacity is the main factor accounting for the population size and genetic diversity, while the sex ratio is the primary factor responsible for the population growth trend.

Conclusions

A viable population of the Crested Ibis can be established according to population viability analysis. Based on our results, conservation management should prioritize a balanced sex ratio, high-quality habitat and low mortality.

Keywords

Carrying capacityNipponia nippon Population viability analysisReintroductionSex ratioVORTEX model

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Avian Research
Volume 12 Issue 1,
January 2021
Article number: 14
DOI: 10.1186/s40657-021-00250-z
Cite this article:
Zhang Y, Wang F, Cui Z, et al. Can we reestablish a self-sustaining population? A case study on reintroduced Crested Ibis with population viability analysis. Avian Research, 2021, 12(1): 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40657-021-00250-z

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Received: 11 November 2020
Accepted: 25 March 2021
Published: 09 April 2021
© The Author(s) 2021.

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