PDF (1.1 MB)
Collect
Submit Manuscript
Show Outline
Outline
Abstract
Keywords
References
Show full outline
Hide outline
Review | Open Access

Recent investigations of shock wave effects and interactions

P. M. Ligrani1,2()E. S. McNabb1,2H. Collopy1,2M. Anderson1,2S. M. Marko1,2
Propulsion Research Center, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Olin B. King Technology Hall S236, 5000 Technology Drive, Huntsville, USA
University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
Show Author Information

Abstract

Despite over fifty years of research on shock wave boundary layer effects and interactions, many related technical issues continue to be controversial and debated. The present survey provides an overview of the present state of knowledge on such effects and interactions, including discussions of: (i) general features of shock wave interactions, (ii) test section configurations for investigation of shock wave boundary layer interactions, (iii) origins and sources of unsteadiness associated with the interaction region, (iv) interactions which included thermal transport and convective heat transfer, and (v) shock wave interaction control investigations. Of particular interest are origins and sources of low-frequency, large-scale shock wave unsteadiness, flow physics of shock wave boundary layer interactions, and overall structure of different types of interactions. Information is also provided in regard to shock wave investigations, where heat transfer and thermal transport were important. Also considered are investigations of shock wave interaction control strategies, which overall, indicate that no single shock wave control strategy is available, which may be successfully applied to different shock wave arrangements, over a wide range of Mach numbers. Overall, the survey highlights the need for additional understanding of fundamental transport mechanisms, as related to shock waves, which are applicable to turbomachinery, aerospace, and aeronautical academic disciplines.

References

1

Dussauge JP, Piponniau S (2008) Shock/boundary-layer interactions: possible sources of unsteadiness. J Fluids Struct 24:1166–1175

2
Gonsalez JC, Dolling DS (1993) Correlation of interaction sweepback effects on the dynamics of shock-induced turbulent separation. 31st AIAA Aerosp Sci meeting and exhibit, paper 1993-0776, Reno
3

Clemens NT, Narayanaswamy V (2014) Low-frequency unsteadiness of shock wave turbulent boundary layer interactions. Ann Rev Fluid Mech 46:469–492

4

Grilli M, Schmid PJ, Hickel S, Adams NA (2012) Analysis of unsteady behavior in shockwave turbulent boundary layer interaction. J Fluid Mech 700:16–28

5

Dolling DS, Murphy MT (1983) Unsteadiness of the separation shock wave structure in a supersonic compression ramp flow field. AIAA J 21:1628–1634

6

Humble RA, Elsinga GE, Scarano F, van Oudheusden BW (2009) Three-dimensional instantaneous structure of a shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction. J Fluid Mech 622:33–62

7

Ganapathisubramani B, Clemens NT, Dolling DS (2007) Effects of upstream boundary layer on the unsteadiness of shock induced separation. J Fluid Mech 585:369–394

8

Ganapathisubramani B, Clemens NT, Dolling DS (2009) Low frequency dynamics of shock induced separation in a compression ramp interaction. J Fluid Mech 636:397–436

9

Piponniau S, Dussauge JP, Debieve JF, Dupont P (2009) A simple model for low-frequency unsteadiness in shock-induced separation. J Fluid Mech 629:87–108

10

Touber E, Sandham ND (2011) Low-order stochastic modelling of low frequency motions in reflected shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions. J Fluid Mech 671:417–465

11

Wu M, Martín MP (2008) Analysis of shock motion in shockwave and turbulent boundary layer interaction using direct numerical simulation data. J Fluid Mech 594:71–83

12
Pirozzoli S, Larsson J, Nichols JW, Bernardini M, Mogan BE, Lele SK (2010) Analysis of unsteady effects in shock/boundary layer interactions. Proceedings of the Summer Program 2010. Center for Turbulence Research, Stanford University, Stanford, pp 153–164
13

Sajben M, Kroutil JC (1981) Effects of initial boundary layer thickness on transonic diffuser flows. AIAA J 19:1386–1393

14

Bogar TJ, Sajben M, Kroutil JC (1983) Characteristic frequencies of transonic diffuser flow oscillations. AIAA J 21:1232–1240

15

Robinet JC, Casalis G (1999) Shock oscillations in diffuser modeled by a selective noise amplification. AIAA J 37:453–459

16

Handa T, Masudo M, Matsuo K (2003) Mechanism of shock wave oscillation in transonic diffusers. AIAA J 41:64–70

17

Edwards JA, Squire LC (1993) An experimental study of the interaction of an unsteady shock with a turbulent boundary layer at Mach numbers of 1.3 and 1.5. Aero J 97:337–348

18

Ott P, Bolcs A, Frannson TH (1995) Experimental and numerical study of the time-dependent pressure response of a shock wave oscillating in a nozzle. J Turbomach 117:106–114

19

Bur R, Benay R, Galli A, Berthouze P (2006) Experimental and numerical study of forced shock wave oscillations in a transonic channel. Aerospace Sci Tech 10:265–278

20

Bruce PJK, Babinsky H (2008) Unsteady shock wave dynamics. J Fluid Mech 603:463–473

21
Threadgill J, Bruce PJK (2014) Study of transonic shock wave/boundary layer interactions subject to unsteady forcing. AIAA SciTech, National Harbor
22

Doerffer P, Szulc O, Magagnato F (2005) Unsteady shock wave-turbulent boundary layer interaction in the Laval nozzle. Task Quart 9:115–132

23

Ogawa H, Babinsky H (2006) Wind-tunnel setup for investigations of normal shock wave/boundary-layer interaction control. AIAA J 44:2803–2805

24

Ligrani PM, Marko SR (2020) Parametric study of wind tunnel test section configurations for stabilizing normal shock wave structure. Shock Waves 30(1):77–90

25

Marko SR, Ligrani PM (2019) Analysis of shock wave unsteadiness using space and time correlations applied to shadowgraph flow visualization data. Adv. Aerodyn. 1, 2 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42774-019-0002-y

26
Zheltovodov AA, Trofimov VM, Schülein E, Yakovlev VN (1990) An experimental documentation of supersonic turbulent flows in the vicinity of forward- and backward-facing ramps. Tech Rep 2030, Inst Theor Appl Mech, USSR Acad Sci, Novosibirsk
27

Priebe S, Martín M (2012) Low-frequency unsteadiness in shock wave–turbulent boundary layer interaction. J Fluid Mech 699:1–49

28

Burton D, Babinsky H (2012) Corner separation effects for normal shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interactions in rectangular channels. J Fluid Mech 707:287–306

29
Babinsky H, Oorebeek J, Cottingham T (2013) Corner effects in reflecting oblique shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions. 51st AIAA Aerosp Sci Mtg, Grapevine
30

Wang B, Sandham N, Hu Z, Liu W (2015) Numerical study of oblique shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction considering sidewall effects. J Fluid Mech 767:526–561

31
Law CH (1975) 3-D shock wave-turbulent boundary layer interactions at Mach 6. US Air Force Aero Res Labs, Dayton
32
Christophel RG, Rockwell WA, Neumann RD (1975) Tabulated Mach 6 3-D shock wave-turbulent boundary layer interaction heat transfer data (supplement). Air force flight dynamics lab, Dayton
33
Oskam B, Vas IE, Bogdonoff SM (1976) Oblique shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interactions in three dimensions at Mach 3, part 2. Air Force Flight Dyn Lab, Dayton
34
Holden MS (1984) Experimental studies of quasi-two-dimensional and three-dimensional viscous interaction regions induced by skewed-shock and swept-shock boundary layer interaction. 17th AIAA Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics, and Lasers Conference, Snowmass
35

Inger GR, Lynch FT, Fancher MF (1985) Theoretical and experimental study of nonadiabatic transonic shock/boundary-layer interaction. AIAA J 23:1476–1482

36
Neumann RD, Hayes JR (1986) Introduction to aerodynamic heating analysis of supersonic missiles. Tactical Missile Aerodynamics, Prog Astro Aero, AIAA, New York, USA 104:421–479
37

Hayashi M, Sakurai A, Aso S (1987) Measurements of heat-transfer coefficients in the interaction regions between oblique shock waves and turbulent boundary layers with a multi-layered thin film heat transfer gage. Jap Soc Aero Space Sci J 30:102–110

38

Hayashi M, Aso S, Tan A (1989) Fluctuation of heat transfer in shock wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction. AIAA J 27:399–404

39
Rodi PE, Dolling DS (1992) An experimental/computational study of sharp fin induced shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interactions at Mach 5: experimental results. 30th AIAA Aero Sci Mtg, Reno
40
Lee Y, Settles GS, Horstman CC (1992) Heat transfer measurements and CFD comparison of swept shock wave/boundary-layer interactions. 28th AIAA Joint Propulsion Conf, Nashville
41

Inger GR (1998) Theory of local heat transfer in shock/laminar boundary-layer interactions. J Thermo Heat Trans 12:336–342

42

Schülein E (2006) Skin friction and heat flux measurements in shock/boundary layer interaction flows. AIAA J 44:1732–1741

43
Song JW, Yu MS, Cho HH (2007) Heat transfer near sharp and blunt fins protruded in a supersonic flow. In: Coll Tech Papers, vol 1. 39th AIAA Thermophysics Conf, Miami, pp 601–608
44
Flaherty W, Austin J (2010) Effect of concave wall geometry on heat transfer in hypersonic boundary layers. 40th AIAA fluid Dyn Conf, Chicago
45
Gaitonde DV (2013) Progress in shock wave/boundary layer interactions. 43rd AIAA fluid Dyn Conf, Progress in Aero Sci 72:80–99
46
Nix AC, Diller TE, Ng WF, Schetz JA (1997) Experimental evaluation of heat transfer effects of shock waves on transonic turbine blades. ASME Paper No. 97-WA/HT-1, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exhibition, Dallas
47

Abhari RS, Guenette GR, Epstein AH, Giles MB (1992) Comparison of time-resolved turbine rotor blade heat transfer measurements and numerical calculations. ASME Transactions-Journal of Turbomachinery 114:818–827

48

Johnson AB, Rigby MJ, Oldfield MLG, Ainsworth RW, Oliver MJ (1989) Surface heat transfer fluctuations on a turbine rotor blade due to upstream shock wave passing. J Turbomach 111:105–115

49
Joe CR, Montesdeoca XA, Soechting FO, MacArthur CD, Meininger M (1998) High pressure turbine vane annular cascade heat flux and aerodynamic measurements with comparisons to predictions. ASME Paper No. 98-GT-430, International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition, Stockholm
50

Doorly DJ, Oldfield MLG (1985) Simulation of the effects of shock wave passing on a turbine rotor blade. ASME J Eng Gas Turbines Power 107:998–1006

51

Ashworth DA, LaGraff JE, Schultz DL, Grindrod KJ (1985) Unsteady aerodynamic and heat transfer processes in a transonic turbine stage. J Eng Gas Turbines Power 107:1022–1030

52

Guenette GR, Epstein AH, Giles MB, Haimes R, Norton RJG (1989) Fully scaled transonic turbine rotor heat transfer measurements. J Turbomach 111:1–7

53
Rigby MJ, Johnson AB, Oldfield MLG (1990) Gas turbine rotor blade film cooling with and without simulated NGV shock waves and wakes. ASME International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition, Vol 4: Heat Transfer; Electric Power; Industrial and Cogeneration, Brussels
54
Popp O, Smith DE, Bubb JV, Grabowski HC Ⅲ, Diller TE, Schetz JA, Ng WF (2000) Investigation of heat transfer in a film cooled transonic turbine cascade: part Ⅱ – unsteady heat transfer. ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for land, sea, and air, Vol 3: Heat Transfer; Electric Power; Industrial and Cogeneration, Munich
55

Zhang Q, O’Dowd DO, He L, Wheeler APS, Ligrani PM, Cheong BCY (2011a) Overtip shock wave structure and its impact on turbine blade tip heat transfer. J Turbomach 133:041001

56

Zhang Q, O’Dowd DO, He L, Oldfield MLG, Ligrani PM (2011b) Transonic turbine blade tip aerothermal performance with different tip gaps—part 1: tip heat transfer. ASME Transactions, J Turbomachinery 133:041027

57

Arisi A, Phillips J, Ng WF, Moon HK, Zhang L (2016) An experimental and numerical study on the aerothermal characteristics of a ribbed transonic squealer-tip turbine blade with purge flow. J Turbomach 138:101007

58

Dunn MG, Haldeman CW (2000) Time-averaged heat flux for a recessed tip, lip, and platform of a transonic turbine blade. J Turbomach 122:692–698

59

Green BR, Barter JW, Haldeman CW, Dunn MG (2005) Averaged and time-dependent aerodynamics of a high pressure turbine blade tip cavity and stationary shroud: comparison of computational and experimental results. J Turbomach 127:736–746

60
Hofer T, Arts T (2009) Aerodynamic investigation of the tip leakage flow for blades with different tip squealer geometries at transonic conditions. ASME Turbo Exp: Power for Land, Sea, and Air, Turbomachinery, Parts A and B 7:1051-1061, Orlando
61
Jung J, Kwon O, Son C (2016) An investigation on aerodynamics loss mechanism of squealer tips of a high pressure turbine blade using URANS. ASME TurboExpo: TurboMachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, Seoul
62

Key NL, Arts T (2006) Comparison of turbine tip leakage flow for flat tip and squealer tip geometries at high-speed conditions. J Turbomach 128:213–220

63

Kim J, Kang YS, Kim D, Lee J, Cha BJ, Cho J (2016) Optimization of a high pressure turbine blade tip cavity with conjugate heat transfer analysis. J Mech Sci Tech 30:5529–5538

64

Kim JH, Lee SY, Chung JT (2019) Numerical analysis of the aerodynamic performance & heat transfer of a transonic turbine with a partial squealer tip. Appl Therm Eng 152:878–889

65
Li W, Jiang H, Zhang Q, Lee SW (2014) Squealer tip leakage flow characteristics in transonic condition. J Eng Gas Turbines Power 136:042601/1–042601/7
66

Ma H, Zhang Q, He L, Wang Z, Wang L (2017a) Cooling injection effect on a transonic squealer tip-part Ⅰ: experimental heat transfer results and CFD validation. J Eng Gas Turbines Power 139:052506

67

Ma H, Zhang Q, He L, Wang Z, Wang L (2017b) Cooling injection effect on a transonic squealer tip-part Ⅱ: analysis of aerothermal interaction physics. J Eng Gas Turbines Power 139:052507

68
Virdi AS, Zhang Q, He L, Li HD, Hunsley R (2013) Aerothermal performance of shroudless turbine blade tips with effects of relative casing motion. ASME Turbine Blade Symposium Paper NoTBTS2013–2021
69

Wang Z, Zhang Q, Liu Y, He L (2015) Impact of cooling injection on the transonic over-tip leakage flow and squealer aerothermal design optimization. J Eng Gas Turbines Power 137:062603

70

Wheeler AP, Saleh Z (2013) Effect of cooling injection on transonic tip flows. J Propuls Power 29:1374–1381

71

Zhou C (2015) Thermal performance of transonic cooled tips in a turbine cascade. J Propulsion and Power 31:1268–1280

72
Zhu D, Lu S, Ma H, Zhang Q, Teng J (2017) Rotating effect on transonic squealer tip cooling performance. ASME Turbo Expo, Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition, Volume 5A: Heat Transfer, Charlotte
73

O’Dowd D, Zhang Q, He L, Oldfield MLG, Ligrani PM, Cheong BCY, Tibbott I (2011) Aerothermal performance of a winglet at engine representative Mach and Reynolds numbers. J Turbomach 133:041026

74

Zhong F, Zhou C, Ma H, Zhang Q (2017) Heat transfer of winglet tips in a transonic turbine cascade. J Turbomach 139:012605

75

Thorpe SJ, Yoshino S, Thomas GA, Ainsworth RW, Harvey NW (2005) Blade-tip heat transfer in a transonic turbine. Proc Inst Mech Eng A J Power 219:421–430

76

O’Dowd DO, Zhang Q, He L, Ligrani PM, Friedrichs S (2010a) Comparison of heat transfer measurements on a transonic turbine blade tip. ASME J Turbomach 133:021028

77

O’Dowd DO, Zhang Q, Usandizaga I, He L, Ligrani PM (2010b) Transonic turbine blade tip aero-thermal performance with different tip gaps: part I-tip heat transfer. J Turbomach 133:041027

78

Wheeler APS, Atkins NR, He L (2011) Turbine blade tip heat transfer in low speed and high speed flows. J Turbomach 133:041025

79

Shyam V, Ameri A, Chen J-P (2011) Analysis of unsteady tip and endwall heat transfer in a highly loaded transonic turbine stage. J Turbomach 134:041022

80
Atkins NR, Thorpe SJ, Ainsworth RW (2012) Unsteady effects on transonic turbine blade-tip heat transfer. J Turbomach 134:061002/1–061002/11
81
Anto K, Xue S, Ng W, Zhang L, Moon H (2013) Effects of tip clearance gap and exit Mach number on turbine blade tip and near-tip heat transfer. ASME Turbo expo, paper no GT2013-94345
82
Wheeler APS, Sandberg RD (2013) Direct numerical simulations of a transonic tip flow with free-stream disturbances. ASME paper TBTS2013-2037
83

Zhang Q, He L, Rawlinson A (2014) Effects of inlet turbulence and end-wall boundary layer on aerothermal performance of a transonic turbine blade tip. J Eng Gas Turbines and Power 136:052603–052607

84

Zhang Q, He L (2014) Impact of wall temperature on turbine blade tip aerothermal performance. J Eng Gas Turbines Power 136:052602

85

Gao J, Zheng Q, Dong P, Fu W (2017) Effects of flow incidence on aerothermal performance of transonic blade tip clearance flows. Energy 139:196–209

86

Didier F, Denos R, Arts T (2002) Unsteady rotor heat transfer in a transonic turbine stage. J Turbomach 123:81–89

87
Ashill P, Fulkner J, Shires A (1992) A novel technique for controlling shock strength of laminar-flow aerofoil sections. Proceedings of the 1st European forum on laminar flow technology, Hamburg, DGLR Bericht 6:175–183
88
Bahi L, Ross J, Nagamatsu H (1983) Passive shock wave/boundary layer control for transonic airfoil drag reduction. 21st AIAA Aero Sci Mtg, Reno
89

Bur R (1992) Passive control of a shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction in a transonic flow. Aerospace Research (La Recherche Aérospatiale) 6:11–30

90

Bur R, Corbel B, Délery J (1998) Study of passive control in a transonic shock wave/boundary-layer interaction. AIAA J 36:394–400

91
Nagamatsu HT, Ficarra RV, Dyer R (1985) Supercritical aerofoil drag reduction by passive shock wave/boundary layer control in the Mach number range. 23rd AIAA Aero Sci Mtg, Reno, pp 75–90
92

Raghunathan S, McIlwain ST (1990) Further investigations of transonic shock wave/boundary-layer interaction with passive control. J Aircraft 27:60–65

93
Bohning R, Jungbluth H (1989) Turbulent shock – boundary-layer interaction with control theory and experiment. IUTAM, Symposium Transsonicum Ⅲ, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 389–398
94

Squire LC, Yeung AFK, Faucher X (1997) An investigation of passive control applied to swept shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions. AIAA J 56:135–150

95

Peake DJ (1966) The use of air injection to prevent separation of turbulent boundary layer in supersonic flow. ARC CP 890

96
Fukuda MK, Hingst WR, Reshotko E (1975) Control of shock wave-boundary layer interactions by bleed in supersonic mixed compression inlets. 11th AIAA Propulsion Conf, Anaheim
97
Schwendemann MF, Sanders BW (1982) Tangential blowing for control of strong normal shock-boundary layer interactions on inlet ramps. 18th AIAA Joint Propulsion Conf, Cleveland
98

Viswanath PR (1988) Shock-wave-turbulent-boundary-layer interaction and its control: a survey of recent developments. Sadhana 12:45–104

99

Qin N, Wong WS, Le Moigne A (2006) Adjoint-based optimisation of a blended wing body aircraft with shock control bumps. AIAA Aerosp Sci Meeting 111:165–174

100

Eliasson V, Apazidis N, Tillmark N (2007) Controlling the form of strong converging shocks by means of disturbances. Shock Waves 17:29–42

101

Eliasson V, Apazidis N, Tillmark N, Lesser MB (2006) Focusing of strong shocks in an annular shock tube. Shock Waves 15:205–217

102

Babinsky H, Li Y, Pitt Ford CW (2009) Microramp control of supersonic oblique shock-wave/boundary-layer interactions. AIAA J 47:668–675

103
Troia T, Patel A, Crouse D, Hall G (2011) Passive device flow control for normal shock/boundary layer interactions in external compression inlets. 41st AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit, Honolulu
104

Bo W, Weidong L, Yuxin Z, Xiaoquiang F, Chao W (2012) Experimental investigation of the micro-ramp based shock wave and turbulent boundary layer interaction control. Phys Fluids 24:055110

105

Zhou L, Chen D, Tao Y, Liu G, Song S, Zhong S (2017) Passive shock wave/boundary layer control of wing at transonic speeds. Theo App Mech Letters 7:325–330

106

Merriman S, Ploenjes E, Palm P, Adamovich I (2001) Shock wave control by nonequilibrium plasmas in cold supersonic gas flows. AIAA J 39:1547–1552

107
Anderson BH, Tinapple J, Surber L (2006a) Optimal control of shock wave turbulent boundary layer interactions using micro-array actuation. 3rd AIAA flow control conference, San Francisco
108

Anderson BH, Tinapple J, Surber L (2006b) Optimal micro-array actuation control for shock wave boundary layer interactions in supersonic inlets. Proposed NASA TM 214373

109

Narayanaswamy V, Raja L, Clemens N (2012) Control of unsteadiness of a shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction by using a pulsed-plasma-jet actuator. Phys Fluids 24:076101

110

Webb N, Clifford C, Samimy M (2013) Control of oblique shock wave/boundary layer interactions using plasma actuators. Exp Fluids 54:1545

111

Greene BR, Clemens NT, Magari P, Micka D (2015) Control of mean separation in shock boundary layer interaction using pulsed plasma jets. Shock Waves 25:495–505

112

Pasquariello V, Grilli M, Hickel S, Adams NA (2014) Large-eddy simulation of passive shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction control. Intern J Heat Fluid Flow 49:116–127

113

Liu F, Yan H, Zhan W, Xue Y (2019) Effects of steady and pulsed discharge arcs on shock wave control in Mach 2.5 flow. Aero Sci Tech 93:105330

114

Babinsky H, Harvey JK (2011) Shock wave - boundary-layer interactions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

115

Pearcey HH (1961) Boundary layer and flow control. Pergamon Press Inc., New York

116

Delery JM (1985) Shock wave/turbulent boundary layer interaction and its control. Prog Aero Sci 22:209–280

117
Fulker JL (1999) The euroshock programme (a european programme on active and passive control of shock waves). 17th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference, Norfolk
118

Stanewsky E (2002) Drag reduction by shock and boundary layer control. Springer-Verlag, New York

Advances in Aerodynamics
Pages 4-4
Cite this article:
Ligrani PM, McNabb ES, Collopy H, et al. Recent investigations of shock wave effects and interactions. Advances in Aerodynamics, 2020, 2(1): 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42774-020-0028-1
Metrics & Citations  
Article History
Copyright
Rights and Permissions
Return