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Research Article | Open Access

The terpene synthase (TPS) gene family in kiwifruit shows high functional redundancy and a subset of TPS likely fulfil overlapping functions in fruit flavour, floral bouquet and defence

Wu Wang1,2, Mindy Y. Wang1, Yunliu Zeng3, Xiuyin Chen1, Xiaoyao Wang3, Anne M. Barrington1, Jianmin Tao4, Ross G. Atkinson1, Niels J. Nieuwenhuizen1 ( )
The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Private Bag 92169, Auckland, New Zealand
Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Abstract

Volatile terpenes are important compounds that influence fruit flavour and aroma of kiwifruit. Terpenes in plants also impact on the floral bouquet and defence against pests and pathogens in leaves and fruit. To better understand the overlapping roles that terpenes may fulfil in plants, a systematic gene, chemical and biochemical analysis of terpenes and terpene synthases (TPS) was undertaken in Red5 kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.). Analysis of the Red5 genome shows it contains only 22 TPS gene models, of which fifteen encode full-length TPS. Thirteen TPS can account for the major terpene volatiles produced in different tissues of Red5 kiwifruit and in response to different stimuli. The small Red5 TPS family displays surprisingly high functional redundancy with five TPS producing linalool/nerolidol. Treatment of leaves and fruit with methyl jasmonate enhanced expression of a subset of defence-related TPS genes and stimulated the release of terpenes. Six TPS genes were induced upon herbivory of leaves by the economically important insect pest Ctenopseustis obliquana (brown-headed leaf roller) and emission, but not accumulation, of (E)- and (Z)-nerolidol was strongly linked to herbivory. Our results provide a framework to understand the overlapping biological and ecological roles of terpenes in Actinidia and other horticultural crops.

Keywords

Genome analysisAromaVolatileMonoterpeneActinidiaSesquiterpene

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Molecular Horticulture
Volume 3 Issue 2,
June 2023
Pages 9-9
DOI: 10.1186/s43897-023-00057-0
Cite this article:
Wang W, Wang MY, Zeng Y, et al. The terpene synthase (TPS) gene family in kiwifruit shows high functional redundancy and a subset of TPS likely fulfil overlapping functions in fruit flavour, floral bouquet and defence. Molecular Horticulture, 2023, 3(2): 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43897-023-00057-0

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Received: 02 February 2023
Accepted: 03 April 2023
Published: 08 May 2023
© The Author(s) 2023.

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