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Research Article | Open Access

Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly patients with comorbid coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus

Hu XU1,2,*, Wen-Zhe CAO1,3,*, Yong-Yi BAI2, Rui-Hua CAO2, Lei TIAN3, Feng CAO1,2(), Li FAN1,2()
Chinese PLA Medical School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
Department of Cardiology, the Second Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
Institute of Geriatrics, the Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China

*The authors contributed equally to this manuscript

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly Chinese patients with comorbid coronary heart disease (CHD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 501 elderly inpatients (≥ 60 years) with comorbid CHD/T2DM in Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019. These patients were divided into two groups according to the administration of SGLT2i. All the demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected. Cardiovascular outcomes, including all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), were followed up.

RESULTS

In the cohort, there were 167 patients in the SGLT2i group and 334 patients in the control group. In the efficacy analyses, the incidence of MACE was lower in the SGLT2i group than in the control group: 3.6% vs. 9.3% (P = 0.022). A lower risk of MACE was observed in the SGLT2i group [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.17–0.95]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of all-cause mortality or HHF between the two groups. No significant difference of HR was observed for all-cause mortality (HR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.12–1.41) or HHF (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.12–2.81).

CONCLUSIONS

SGLT2i treatment exhibited benefits for elderly patients with comorbid CHD/T2DM with a lower risk for MACE.

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology
Volume 18 Issue 6,
June 2021
Pages 440-448
DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.06.001
Cite this article:
XU H, CAO W-Z, BAI Y-Y, et al. Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly patients with comorbid coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus. Journal of Geriatric Cardiology, 2021, 18(6): 440-448. https://doi.org/10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2021.06.001
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