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Publishing Language: Chinese

Clinical indicators and immunological characteristics of COVID-19: a retrospective analysis of 123 cases

Jiuling WANG1Rui DONG2Yushi RAN1Lang XIAO1Yi ZHANG2()Yuzhang WU1()
Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038
Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, 400030, China
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Abstract

Objective

To study the relevant clinical indicators and immunological characteristics of patients with different levels of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19).

Methods

A total of 123 patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to Wuhan Huoshenshan Hospital from February 5 to April 10, 2020 were enrolled as the study objects. According to Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Treatment Protocol(6th Edition), they were divided into recovery(n=69), severe(n=45), and death(n=9)groups. Their electronic medical records were collected, and basic data, clinical symptoms, and results of laboratory examinations were analyzed statistically. A cross-sectional study was conducted on the expression levels of serum cytokines, T cell characteristics, and PD-1 expression on T cells. All data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0 software.

Results

There were 74 male and 49 female COVID-19 patients, with a median age of 63.94 years in this study, and among them, 79 were over 60 years old. Plasma C-reactive protein(CRP), lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase(HBHD), cystatin C(CysC), and procalcitonin(PCT)were significantly elevated in the severe disease and death groups(P<0.05). The 2 groups also had obviously higher serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-17 than the recovery group(P<0.05). The patients from the death group had the lowest peripheral blood lymphocyte count and the highest neutrophil count(P<0.05). The expression level of PD-1 in CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells was notably higher in the severe and death groups than the recovery group(P<0.05).

Conclusion

Age is associated with the level of COVID-19. And the levels of cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8, decrease of T lymphocytes and exhaustion of T cell function are closely correlated with the severity of COVID-19.

CLC number: R181.23; R446.11; R563.1 Document code: A

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Journal of Army Medical University
Pages 689-698
Cite this article:
WANG J, DONG R, RAN Y, et al. Clinical indicators and immunological characteristics of COVID-19: a retrospective analysis of 123 cases. Journal of Army Medical University, 2023, 45(7): 689-698. https://doi.org/10.16016/j.2097-0927.202212120
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