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Review | Open Access

Circular RNAs: implications of signaling pathways and bioinformatics in human cancer

Fan Hu,*, Yin Peng,*, Xinmin Fan, Xiaojing Zhang ( ), Zhe Jin ( )
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Stability and Disease Prevention and Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China

*These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) form a class of endogenous single-stranded RNA transcripts that are widely expressed in eukaryotic cells. These RNAs mediate post-transcriptional control of gene expression and have multiple functions in biological processes, such as transcriptional regulation and splicing. They serve predominantly as microRNA sponges, RNA-binding proteins, and templates for translation. More importantly, circRNAs are involved in cancer progression, and may serve as promising biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and therapy. Although traditional experimental methods are usually time-consuming and laborious, substantial progress has been made in exploring potential circRNA-disease associations by using computational models, summarized signaling pathway data, and other databases. Here, we review the biological characteristics and functions of circRNAs, including their roles in cancer. Specifically, we focus on the signaling pathways associated with carcinogenesis, and the status of circRNA-associated bioinformatics databases. Finally, we explore the potential roles of circRNAs as prognostic biomarkers in cancer.

Keywords

bioinformaticscancerdatabasesignaling pathwaycircRNA

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Cancer Biology & Medicine
Volume 20 Issue 2,
February 2023
Pages 104-128
DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0466
Cite this article:
Hu F, Peng Y, Fan X, et al. Circular RNAs: implications of signaling pathways and bioinformatics in human cancer. Cancer Biology & Medicine, 2023, 20(2): 104-128. https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0466

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Received: 04 August 2022
Accepted: 19 December 2022
Published: 02 March 2023
©2023 Cancer Biology & Medicine.

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