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Mini Review | Open Access

Microbiome changes in esophageal cancer: implications for pathogenesis and prognosis

Yi Li1,*, Bing Wei1,2,*, Xia Xue3, Hongle Li1,2 ( ), Jun Li1,2 ( )
Department of Molecular Pathology, Clinical Pathology Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
Henan Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Zhengzhou 450003, China
Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China

*These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

Esophageal cancer (EC) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Various factors, including dietary habits, and antacid and antibiotic use, have been shown to influence the esophageal microbiome. Conversely, enrichment and diversity of the esophageal microbiome can also impact its function. Recent studies have revealed prevalent changes in the esophageal microbiome among patients with EC, thus suggesting the potential contribution of the esophageal microbiome to EC development. Additionally, distinct microbiome compositions have been observed in patients with different responses to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, indicating the role of the esophageal microbiome in modulating treatment outcomes. In this review, we have examined previous studies on the esophageal microbiome in healthy individuals and patients with EC or other esophageal diseases, with a focus on identifying microbial communities associated with EC pathogenesis and prognosis. Understanding the role of the microbiome in EC may aid in early detection and optimized treatment strategies, ultimately leading to better outcomes for patients.

Keywords

microbiomemicroenvironmentEsophageal cancerdysbiosiscarcinogenesis

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Cancer Biology & Medicine
Volume 21 Issue 2,
February 2024
Pages 163-174
DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0177
Cite this article:
Li Y, Wei B, Xue X, et al. Microbiome changes in esophageal cancer: implications for pathogenesis and prognosis. Cancer Biology & Medicine, 2024, 21(2): 163-174. https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0177

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Received: 19 May 2023
Accepted: 06 September 2023
Published: 09 October 2023
©2024 Cancer Biology & Medicine.

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