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Review | Open Access | Online First

The pros and cons of mechanical dissociation and enzymatic digestion in patient-derived organoid cultures for solid tumor

Jing Ren1,§, Mengli Liu2,§, Mingjie Rong3, Xuan Zhang1, Gang Wang1, Yihan Liu1, Haijun Li1( ), Shichao Duan1( )
Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Eye Institute, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
Precision Medicine Center, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Shanghai Lisheng Biotech, Shanghai 200092, China

§ Jing Ren and Mengli Liu contributed equally to this work.

Show Author Information

Highlights

• Mechanical dissociation is a compelling choice in solid tumor-derived organoid cultures for personalized medicine approaches because of its capacity to preserve more tumor microenvironment.

• Enzymatic digestion can generate a more homogenous population of cell, thus guaranteeing the reproducibility and controllability required by large-scale drug screening.

• The choice of tissue dissociation method and process depends on different tissues and the requirements of the following study.

Graphical Abstract

This review compares mechanical dissociation and enzymatic digestion in deriving patient-derived organoids (PDOs) for cancer research. It examines their impact on organoid properties like stemness, heterogeneity, and long-term culture, and discusses their applications in drug screening and cancer modeling. The choice of method depends on tissue type and study requirements, with technological advances enhancing organoid production efficiency.

Abstract

Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are revolutionizing cancer research, serving as invaluable models for tumor biology and therapeutic screening. The fidelity and applicability of these organoids are fundamentally shaped by the tissue dissociation techniques employed, namely mechanical dissociation and enzymatic digestion. This comprehensive review delves into the nuances of these two methods, scrutinizing their effects on solid tumor organoid properties, including stemness, heterogeneity, long-term culturing. We discuss the advantages and limitations of each technique, with a focus on their impact on tumor microenvironment preservation, their application in drug screening and cancer modeling. Moreover, we examine how recent technological breakthroughs have bolstered the efficiency and scalability of organoid production through these methods. Our analysis is designed to assist researchers in choosing the optimal tissue dissociation strategy for their research objectives and to fuel the evolution of organoid-based cancer models.

Keywords

organoidstissue dissociationtumor microenvironmenttumor heterogeneity

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Cell Organoid
DOI: 10.26599/CO.2024.9410009
Cite this article:
Ren J, Liu M, Rong M, et al. The pros and cons of mechanical dissociation and enzymatic digestion in patient-derived organoid cultures for solid tumor. Cell Organoid, 2024, https://doi.org/10.26599/CO.2024.9410009

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Received: 06 October 2024
Revised: 22 November 2024
Accepted: 25 November 2024
Published: 12 December 2024
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Tsinghua University Press

The articles published in this open access journal are distributed under the termsof the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution andreproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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