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Energy Materials and Devices 2023, 1(2): 9370019 https://doi.org/10.26599/EMD.2023.9370019
Research Article | Open Access | Issue | Published: 30 January 2024

Calcium silicate composited nano-Si anode with low expansion and high performance for lithium-ion batteries

Show Author's Information Yixuan Guo†,  Tong Zhou†,  Jiayu Peng,  Henghui Xu,  Lihong Xue( ),  Wuxing Zhang( )
State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

† Yixuan Guo and Tong Zhou contributed equally to this work.

Keywords:
anode, lithium-ion batteries, silicon monoxide, calcium silicate, volume expansion
Cite this article:
Guo Y, Zhou T, Peng J, et al. Calcium silicate composited nano-Si anode with low expansion and high performance for lithium-ion batteries. Energy Materials and Devices, 2023, 1(2): 9370019. https://doi.org/10.26599/EMD.2023.9370019
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Abstract Full text Electronic supplementary material About this article

SiO is a promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high-energy density. However, the passivation of silicon oxide in SiO remains challenging to reduce its irreversible reactions and volume expansion during cycling. In this work, a scalable approach is proposed to synthesize calcium silicate/nanosilicon composites (pSi@CaO) by transforming the SiO2 in disproportionate SiO into calcium silicate at 1000 ℃. The bulk-distributed calcium silicate in pSi@CaO can effectively inhibit nanosilicon expansion and enhance ionic transfer. The optimized pSi@20%CaO anode demonstrates a low electrode expansion of 12.3% upon lithiation and 7.6% upon lithiation after 50 cycles. It also exhibits excellent electrochemical stability, delivering a specific capacity of 808 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 with an initial Columbic efficiency of 72% and maintaining 82% capacity after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1. The feasible CaO passivation strategy proposed in this work is expected to promote practical applications of Si-based anodes in high-performance LIBs.


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About this article

Calcium silicate composited nano-Si anode with low expansion and high performance for lithium-ion batteries

Show Author's information Yixuan Guo†, Tong Zhou†, Jiayu Peng, Henghui Xu, Lihong Xue( ), Wuxing Zhang( )
State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

† Yixuan Guo and Tong Zhou contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

SiO is a promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high-energy density. However, the passivation of silicon oxide in SiO remains challenging to reduce its irreversible reactions and volume expansion during cycling. In this work, a scalable approach is proposed to synthesize calcium silicate/nanosilicon composites (pSi@CaO) by transforming the SiO2 in disproportionate SiO into calcium silicate at 1000 ℃. The bulk-distributed calcium silicate in pSi@CaO can effectively inhibit nanosilicon expansion and enhance ionic transfer. The optimized pSi@20%CaO anode demonstrates a low electrode expansion of 12.3% upon lithiation and 7.6% upon lithiation after 50 cycles. It also exhibits excellent electrochemical stability, delivering a specific capacity of 808 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 with an initial Columbic efficiency of 72% and maintaining 82% capacity after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1. The feasible CaO passivation strategy proposed in this work is expected to promote practical applications of Si-based anodes in high-performance LIBs.

Keywords: anode, lithium-ion batteries, silicon monoxide, calcium silicate, volume expansion

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Publication history
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Publication history

Received: 28 December 2023
Revised: 20 January 2024
Accepted: 21 January 2024
Published: 30 January 2024
Issue date: December 2023

Copyright

© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Tsinghua University Press.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFB0100302). The authors thank the State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology of HUST and the Analytical and Testing Centre of HUST for XRD, SEM, and other measurements.

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The articles published in this open access journal are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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