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Research Article | Open Access

Calcium silicate composited nano-Si anode with low expansion and high performance for lithium-ion batteries

Yixuan Guo†, Tong Zhou†, Jiayu Peng, Henghui Xu, Lihong Xue( ), Wuxing Zhang( )
State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

† Yixuan Guo and Tong Zhou contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

SiO is a promising anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high-energy density. However, the passivation of silicon oxide in SiO remains challenging to reduce its irreversible reactions and volume expansion during cycling. In this work, a scalable approach is proposed to synthesize calcium silicate/nanosilicon composites (pSi@CaO) by transforming the SiO2 in disproportionate SiO into calcium silicate at 1000 ℃. The bulk-distributed calcium silicate in pSi@CaO can effectively inhibit nanosilicon expansion and enhance ionic transfer. The optimized pSi@20%CaO anode demonstrates a low electrode expansion of 12.3% upon lithiation and 7.6% upon lithiation after 50 cycles. It also exhibits excellent electrochemical stability, delivering a specific capacity of 808 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1 with an initial Columbic efficiency of 72% and maintaining 82% capacity after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1. The feasible CaO passivation strategy proposed in this work is expected to promote practical applications of Si-based anodes in high-performance LIBs.

Keywords

silicon monoxidecalcium silicatevolume expansionanodelithium-ion batteries

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Energy Materials and Devices
Volume 1 Issue 2,
December 2023
Article number: 9370019
DOI: 10.26599/EMD.2023.9370019
Cite this article:
Guo Y, Zhou T, Peng J, et al. Calcium silicate composited nano-Si anode with low expansion and high performance for lithium-ion batteries. Energy Materials and Devices, 2023, 1(2): 9370019. https://doi.org/10.26599/EMD.2023.9370019

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Received: 28 December 2023
Revised: 20 January 2024
Accepted: 21 January 2024
Published: 30 January 2024
© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Tsinghua University Press.

The articles published in this open access journal are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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